Seeman Mary V
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 260 Heath St. W., Toronto, ON, M5P 3L6, Canada.
Psychiatr Q. 2017 Sep;88(3):561-570. doi: 10.1007/s11126-016-9478-3.
Negative life events can exacerbate symptoms in schizophrenia, but there is no literature on the effect on psychotic symptoms of positive life events. The purpose of this review was to scan the literature that studies how the joy that accompanies positive life events can be dampened and dismissed or, alternatively, savored and maintained, and how this contrast applies to schizophrenia. A literature search elicited 53 articles relevant to schizophrenia. Schizophrenia was found to be linked with difficulties in the processing of reward, in feeling that one was deserving of a reward, in sharing news of positive events, in knowing with whom to share, in knowing how to elicit a positive response from listeners when communicating good news, and in ensuring that positive feelings endure. There was no evidence that positive life events reduce psychosis symptoms but teaching the various skills of how to capitalize on good fortune can nevertheless improve the quality of life of individuals with schizophrenia.
负面生活事件会加重精神分裂症的症状，但关于正面生活事件对精神病症状影响的文献却很少。本综述的目的是梳理相关文献，研究伴随正面生活事件而来的喜悦是如何被抑制、消解的，或者相反，是如何被品味和维持的，以及这种对比如何适用于精神分裂症。文献检索得到了53篇与精神分裂症相关的文章。研究发现，精神分裂症与奖励处理困难、感觉自己应得奖励、分享积极事件的消息、知道与谁分享、知道在传达好消息时如何从听众那里获得积极回应以及确保积极情绪持久存在等方面存在关联。没有证据表明正面生活事件能减轻精神病症状，但教授如何利用好运的各种技能仍可以改善精神分裂症患者的生活质量。
