Ninkov Jordana, Marković Slobodan, Banjac Dušana, Vasin Jovica, Milić Stanko, Banjac Borislav, Mihailović Aleksandra
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksim Gorki St. 30, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia.
Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Novi Sad, Dositej Obradovic Sq. 3, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Apr;24(12):10966-10975. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-7897-1. Epub 2016 Oct 28.
The Vojvodina Province in northern Serbia is well known for its intensive field crops production. Over 90 % of total arable land, which represents more than 1500.000 ha, is used for field or vegetable crop production. A grid superimposed on Vojvodina land by means of a GIS tool (GIS ArcView 10) has divided land into 4 × 4 km units, each representing an area of 1600 ha. Total number of 1370 bulked soil samples were taken (0-30 cm depth) from agricultural land and analysed for total mercury content THg. The samples were analysed using Direct Mercury Analyzer DMA 80 Milestone. Quality control was carried out with IRMM BCR reference materials 143R. The aim of this study was to determine the total content of Hg in agricultural soils and its spatial distributions in different parts of Vojvodina Province. The obtained results were within interval 0.008-0.974 mg kg. The average concentration of Hg was 0.068, with median 0.048 mg kg. The correlation was determined between Hg concentration and organic matter content in the soil. Content of Hg coincides with main geomorphological units of Vojvodina Province. Average values of Hg concentrations for soils formatted on different geomorphological units were 0.031 for sandy area with dune fields, 0.048 for alluvial terraces, 0.055 for upper Pleistocene terraces, 0.058 for loess plateaus, 0.083 for mountains and 0.092 mg kg for alluvial plains. Hg spatial distribution confirmed that most of Vojvodina Province area has geochemical origin of Hg. Higher concentration of Hg on alluvial plains indicated that the origin of Hg near rivers could be from anthropogenic source. The main rivers in Vojvodina have been dammed more than a century ago. Thus, higher concentrations of Hg in their alluvial plains out of narrow dammed zone around the rivers must be related to natural and anthropogenic sources located in their huge catchments. Higher content of Hg in mountain region can be explained by high clay content in these soils. Additional hotspots of Hg concentration of top soils are related to geographical locations of major towns. The obtained results also indicated that the measured levels of Hg in the soil are not limiting factors for production of safe food in Vojvodina.
塞尔维亚北部的伏伊伏丁那省以其集约化的大田作物生产而闻名。超过90%的耕地（超过150万公顷）用于大田或蔬菜作物生产。借助地理信息系统工具（GIS ArcView 10）在伏伊伏丁那的土地上叠加了一个网格，将土地划分为4×4千米的单元，每个单元面积为1600公顷。从农田采集了总共1370个混合土壤样本（深度0 - 30厘米），并分析了总汞含量（THg）。样本使用Milestone DMA 80直接测汞仪进行分析。采用IRMM BCR参考物质143R进行质量控制。本研究的目的是确定伏伊伏丁那省不同地区农业土壤中的汞总含量及其空间分布。所得结果在0.008 - 0.974毫克/千克的区间内。汞的平均浓度为0.068，中位数为0.048毫克/千克。确定了土壤中汞浓度与有机质含量之间的相关性。汞含量与伏伊伏丁那省的主要地貌单元相符。在不同地貌单元上形成的土壤中汞浓度的平均值分别为：沙丘田沙地为0.031，冲积阶地为0.048，上更新世阶地为0.055，黄土高原为0.058，山区为0.083，冲积平原为0.092毫克/千克。汞的空间分布证实，伏伊伏丁那省大部分地区的汞具有地球化学来源。冲积平原上较高的汞浓度表明河流附近汞的来源可能是人为的。伏伊伏丁那的主要河流在一个多世纪前就已筑坝。因此，在河流周围狭窄筑坝区域之外的冲积平原中较高的汞浓度必定与位于其巨大集水区内的自然和人为来源有关。山区土壤中较高的汞含量可以用这些土壤中高粘土含量来解释。表层土壤中汞浓度的其他热点与主要城镇的地理位置有关。所得结果还表明，伏伊伏丁那土壤中测得的汞含量并非安全食品生产的限制因素。
