Schwedhelm Carolina, Pischon Tobias, Rohrmann Sabine, Himmerich Hubertus, Linseisen Jakob, Nimptsch Katharina
Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.
Division of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Zurich, Switzerland.
J Nutr. 2017 Jan;147(1):78-85. doi: 10.3945/jn.116.237180. Epub 2016 Oct 26.
High consumption of red and processed meats has been linked to higher chronic disease risk. It has been hypothesized that inflammation markers may mediate part of this association. Most previous studies on the association of red meat intake with circulating inflammation markers used C-reactive protein (CRP) but rarely other markers, and not all differentiated between processed meat and unprocessed red meat.
We investigated the cross-sectional association of processed meat and unprocessed red meat consumption with plasma concentrations of CRP, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, soluble TNF receptor (sTNF-R) 1, and sTNF-R2 in German adults.
Inflammation markers were quantified in the plasma of 553 adults (233 men and 320 women) aged 18-80 y within the cross-sectional Bavarian Food Consumption Survey II. Dietary intake was estimated from three 24-h dietary recalls. The association between red meat consumption and inflammation markers was analyzed with the use of multivariable-adjusted linear regression.
Processed meat consumption was borderline significantly associated with higher IL-6 [relative difference per 50-g increment: 5% (95% CI: -1%, 10%)] but not with CRP (2%; 95% CI: -6%, 10%), and it was inversely associated with total TNF-α (-3%; 95% CI: -6%, -1%), sTNF-R1 (-3%; 95% CI: -4%, -1%), and sTNF-R2 (-2%; 95% CI: -4%, 0%) concentrations. Unprocessed red meat consumption was not associated with CRP (-5%; 95% CI: -15%, 5%) or IL-6 (-1%; 95% CI: -9%, 7%) but was inversely associated with sTNF-R1 (-3%; 95% CI: -5%, -1%) and sTNF-R2 (-4%; 95% CI: -7%, -2%).
Our results suggest an inverse association between both processed meat and unprocessed red meat with inflammation markers of the TNF pathway in Bavarian adults but no association with CRP. Further research on the role of TNF pathway markers in chronic inflammation is warranted.
大量食用红肉和加工肉类与更高的慢性病风险相关。据推测，炎症标志物可能介导了这种关联的一部分。以往大多数关于红肉摄入量与循环炎症标志物之间关联的研究使用的是C反应蛋白（CRP），但很少使用其他标志物，而且并非所有研究都区分了加工肉类和未加工红肉。
我们调查了德国成年人中加工肉类和未加工红肉的摄入量与血浆中CRP、白细胞介素6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α、可溶性TNF受体（sTNF-R）1和sTNF-R2浓度之间的横断面关联。
在巴伐利亚州第二次食品消费横断面调查中，对553名年龄在18至80岁之间的成年人（233名男性和320名女性）的血浆中的炎症标志物进行了定量分析。通过三次24小时饮食回顾来估计饮食摄入量。使用多变量调整线性回归分析红肉摄入量与炎症标志物之间的关联。
加工肉类的摄入量与较高的IL-6呈临界显著关联[每增加50克的相对差异：5%（95%置信区间：-1%，10%）]，但与CRP无关（2%；95%置信区间：-6%，10%），并且与总TNF-α（-3%；95%置信区间：-6%，-1%）、sTNF-R1（-3%；95%置信区间：-4%，-1%）和sTNF-R2（-2%；95%置信区间：-4%，0%）浓度呈负相关。未加工红肉的摄入量与CRP（-5%；95%置信区间：-15%，5%）或IL-6（-1%；95%置信区间：-9%，7%）无关，但与sTNF-R1（-3%；95%置信区间：-5%，-1%）和sTNF-R2（-4%；95%置信区间：-7%，-2%）呈负相关。
我们的研究结果表明，在巴伐利亚成年人中，加工肉类和未加工红肉与TNF途径的炎症标志物之间均呈负相关，但与CRP无关。有必要进一步研究TNF途径标志物在慢性炎症中的作用。
