Todman M
Columbia University--Harlem Hospital Community Support Systems Program, New York, N.Y.
Percept Mot Skills. 1989 Aug;69(1):147-60. doi: 10.2466/pms.1989.69.1.147.
The mere repetition of events tends to enhance subjective familiarity and subjective preference for those events. It has been shown that the enhancement of subjective preference is neither contingent upon a feeling of familiarity nor an awareness of the physical identity of the stimulus during learning. This finding is surprising since the weight of existing theoretical and empirical evidence suggests that subjective preference is derivative of familiarity. An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that at least one preattentive/preconscious product, figure-ground organization, is shared between the processes responsible for preference enhancement and those responsible for the enhancement of recognition memory. There were two significant findings. First, subjects were able to discriminate between objectively familiar stimuli and objectively unfamiliar stimuli on the basis of preference judgments but were unable to do so on the basis of familiarity judgments. Second, preference enhancement occurred only for those objectively familiar stimuli for which the figure-ground aspects had not been phenomenally reversed. The significance of these findings is discussed.
事件的单纯重复往往会增强对这些事件的主观熟悉度和主观偏好。研究表明，主观偏好的增强既不取决于熟悉感，也不取决于学习过程中对刺激物物理特性的认知。这一发现令人惊讶，因为现有的理论和实证证据都表明，主观偏好源自熟悉感。进行了一项实验，以检验以下假设：至少有一种前注意/前意识产物，即图形-背景组织，在负责偏好增强的过程和负责识别记忆增强的过程中是共有的。有两个重要发现。第一，受试者能够根据偏好判断区分客观熟悉的刺激物和客观不熟悉的刺激物，但无法根据熟悉度判断做到这一点。第二，偏好增强仅发生在那些图形-背景方面没有明显反转的客观熟悉的刺激物上。讨论了这些发现的意义。
