Plaisted K, O'Riordan M, Baron-Cohen S
University of Cambridge, Downing Site, UK.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1998 Jul;39(5):765-75.
High-functioning adults with autism and control adults were tested on a perceptual learning task that compared discrimination performance on familiar and novel stimuli. Control adults were better able to discriminate familiar than novel stimuli--the perceptual learning effect. No perceptual learning effect was observed in adults with autism although they discriminated the novel stimuli significantly better than control adults. This enhanced discrimination learning about novel, but not familiar, stimuli in autism is discussed in relation to two current hypotheses of information processing in autism--weak central coherence and reduced attention-switching--and a new third hypothesis, which suggests that features held in common between stimuli are processed poorly and features unique to a stimulus are processed well in autism.
对高功能自闭症成年人和对照成年人进行了一项知觉学习任务测试，该任务比较了他们对熟悉和新颖刺激的辨别表现。对照成年人在辨别熟悉刺激方面比新颖刺激表现得更好——即知觉学习效应。自闭症成年人中未观察到知觉学习效应，尽管他们在辨别新颖刺激方面明显比对照成年人表现得更好。本文结合当前关于自闭症信息处理的两种假说——弱中央连贯性和注意力转换减少——以及一种新的第三种假说，讨论了自闭症患者对新颖而非熟悉刺激的这种增强的辨别学习，新假说认为，自闭症患者对刺激之间的共同特征处理不佳，而对刺激特有的特征处理良好。
