Dalba Giuseppe
Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, Trento, 38123, Italy.
Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv. 2016 Nov 1;72(Pt 6):591-607. doi: 10.1107/S2053273316013619. Epub 2016 Oct 31.
In 1915 P. Debye, one of the most prominent scientists in the field of condensed-matter physics and physical chemistry, published an X-ray scattering equation for randomly oriented scattering sites. This formula, since then used for describing the structure of powders, liquids and gases, has become a model for material analysis at the nanoscale. This paper re-examines briefly Debye's works on the origin and evolution of the scattering equation and its first uses. The career of the great scientist and some of his other numerous and diverse contributions to science are also reviewed. Additionally the paper addresses aspects of his life as a teacher, as a science manager and as a man, including the recent controversy about his conduct during the Third Reich regime.
1915年，凝聚态物理与物理化学领域最杰出的科学家之一P. 德拜发表了一个适用于随机取向散射位点的X射线散射方程。从那时起，这个用于描述粉末、液体和气体结构的公式就成为了纳米尺度材料分析的一个模型。本文简要重新审视了德拜关于散射方程的起源、演变及其首次应用的研究工作。文中还回顾了这位伟大科学家的职业生涯以及他对科学的其他众多不同贡献。此外，本文还探讨了他作为一名教师、科学管理者以及一个人的生活方面，包括最近关于他在第三帝国政权期间行为的争议。
