da Silva Cardoso Verônica, Vermelho Alane Beatriz, Ribeiro de Lima Cristina Amorim, Mendes de Oliveira Jéssica, Freire de Lima Marco Edilson, Pinto da Silva Lúcia Helena, Direito Glória Maria, Miranda Danelli Maria das Graças
BIOINOVAR-Biotecnologia, Unidade de Biocatálise, Bioprodutos e Bioenergia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil.
Instituto de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil.
Toxins (Basel). 2016 Oct 31;8(11):316. doi: 10.3390/toxins8110316.
Piperine is an abundant amide extracted from black pepper seeds which has been shown to have protective effects against cytotoxic and genotoxic carcinogenesis induced by certain chemical carcinogens and aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) in vitro. The aim of this work was to study, in vivo, the antigenotoxic potential of feed-added piperine on broiler chickens experimentally intoxicated with AFB₁, using micronucleus and comet assays. The antigenotoxicity assessment of 9-day-old chicks was performed on a total of 60 chickens divided into four groups of 15 broilers each: (C) control, (P) 60 mg·piperine kg feed, (A) 0.5 mg·AFB₁·kg body weight, (daily by oral route), and (P + A) co-treatment with piperine and AFB₁. The experiment was conducted for 26 days. Chicks intoxicated with AFB₁ showed significant genotoxic effects in the first 24 h post intoxication, and the effects remained in the other periods analyzed (48, 72, and 96 h and 26 days of treatment). The DNA damage in peripheral blood cells, the number of erythrocytes with micronuclei, and polychromatic-to-normochromatic erythrocyte ratio were significantly reduced or absent in the piperine/AFB₁ group. No significant differences were observed between the group piperine/AFB₁ and the control and piperine-alone groups. The addition 60 mg·kg of piperine to the diet of the broiler chicks was safe, promoting beneficial effects in poultry health with respect to the toxic effects 0.5 mg·AFB₁·kg body weight.
胡椒碱是从黑胡椒籽中提取的一种丰富的酰胺，已证明其在体外对某些化学致癌物和黄曲霉毒素B₁（AFB₁）诱导的细胞毒性和基因毒性致癌作用具有保护作用。本研究的目的是在体内使用微核试验和彗星试验，研究饲料中添加胡椒碱对实验性AFB₁中毒的肉鸡的抗基因毒性潜力。对9日龄雏鸡进行抗基因毒性评估，总共60只鸡分为四组，每组15只肉鸡：（C）对照组，（P）每千克饲料添加60毫克胡椒碱，（A）每千克体重0.5毫克AFB₁（每日经口给药），以及（P + A）胡椒碱和AFB₁联合处理组。实验进行了26天。AFB₁中毒的雏鸡在中毒后的前24小时显示出显著的基因毒性作用，并且在其他分析时间段（48、72和96小时以及处理26天）中这种作用仍然存在。在胡椒碱/AFB₁组中，外周血细胞中的DNA损伤、含微核红细胞的数量以及多染性红细胞与正染性红细胞的比例显著降低或不存在。在胡椒碱/AFB₁组与对照组和单独使用胡椒碱的组之间未观察到显著差异。在肉鸡雏鸡日粮中添加60毫克/千克胡椒碱是安全的，相对于每千克体重0.5毫克AFB₁的毒性作用，对家禽健康具有有益影响。
