Metacarpal fractures in the athlete.

Fifty-six fractures of the metacarpal occurring in 53 athletes were studied from September 1985 to December 1986, regarding mechanism of injury, type of fracture, type of treatment, and time lost from sport. Age range of the patients was 8 to 28 years with greater than 77% being in the 14 to 18 year age range, the high school athlete. Twenty-nine of the fractures occurred in football, 14 in basketball, and the remainder were divided between various other sports. The most common mechanism of injury involved falls or hitting an object such as a helmet or another player. Fractures were evenly divided regarding which digit was involved in football, whereas most basketball injuries occurred in the fourth and fifth metacarpal. Fractures were analyzed as to type of radiographic appearance and this was correlated with time lost from competition or participation. No significant difference among fracture type regarding time lost was noted. Forty-six of the fractures (82%) were minimally displaced or undisplaced and were treated by means of simple casting and/or splinting whereas 10 were displaced. Two of the 10 underwent closed reduction and casting; 3 underwent closed reduction and percutaneous pin fixation; and 5 (9%) underwent open reduction internal fixation using AO type plates and screws. All fractures healed primarily clinically and radiographically. The average time lost from practice or competition in this group overall was 13.7 days, (range, 0 to 56 days). Average time lost from basketball was 19.8 days and from football 10.63 days overall. Average time lost from sport in stable fractures treated with casting or splinting was 12.3 days.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)