Siddiqui Taranum Ruba, Ghazal Saima, Bibi Safia, Ahmed Waquaruddin, Sajjad Shaimuna Fareeha
Pakistan Health Research Council, PHRC Research Centre, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
Field Epidemiology & Laboratory Training Program (FELTP), Islamabad, Pakistan.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016 Nov 10;10(11):e0005129. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005129. eCollection 2016 Nov.
Prevention is most effective in reducing dengue infection risk, especially in endemic countries like Pakistan. Evaluation of public awareness and health beliefs regarding dengue fever (DF) is important for devising disease control strategies. This study assessed dengue knowledge, health beliefs, and preventive practices against DF in different socioeconomic groups of Karachi, Pakistan.
In this community-based cross-sectional study, 6 randomly selected towns were visited, 2 persons (man and woman) per household were interviewed using a structured questionnaire, and household practices were observed. Information regarding DF was shared through a printed pamphlet. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of variables associated with dengue knowledge and practices was conducted.
We interviewed 608 Karachi residents (mean age: 33.2 ± 13.35 years); 7.7%, 71.9%, and 20.4% had a high, middle, and low socioeconomic status, respectively. The mean knowledge score was 6.4 ± 2.10 out of 14. The mean preventive practices score was 9 ± 1.8 out of 17. Predictors of dengue knowledge were perceived threat (odds ratio [OR] = 1.802; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19-2.71; p = 0.005), self-efficacy (OR = 2.910; 95% CI = 1.77-4.76; p = 0.000), and television as an information source (OR = 3.202; 95% CI = 1.97-5.17; p = 0.000). Predictors of dengue preventive practices were perceived threat (OR = 1.502; 95% CI = 1.02-2.19; p = 0.036), self-efficacy (OR = 1.982; 95% CI = 1.34-2.91; p = 0.000), and dengue knowledge (OR = 1.581; 95% CI = 1.05-2.37; p = 0.028).
Public knowledge about DF is low in Karachi. Knowledge, threat perception, and self-efficacy are significant predictors of adequate dengue preventive practices. Prevention and control strategies should focus on raising awareness about dengue contraction risk and severity through television. Health messages should be designed to increase individual self-efficacy.
预防在降低登革热感染风险方面最为有效，尤其是在像巴基斯坦这样的流行国家。评估公众对登革热（DF）的认知和健康观念对于制定疾病控制策略很重要。本研究评估了巴基斯坦卡拉奇不同社会经济群体对登革热的知识、健康观念及预防措施。
在这项基于社区的横断面研究中，走访了6个随机选取的城镇，使用结构化问卷对每户的2人（男性和女性）进行访谈，并观察家庭预防措施。通过印刷宣传册分享有关登革热的信息。对与登革热知识和预防措施相关的变量进行多因素逻辑回归分析。
我们对608名卡拉奇居民进行了访谈（平均年龄：33.2±13.35岁）；分别有7.7%、71.9%和20.4%的人具有高、中、低社会经济地位。在满分14分的情况下，平均知识得分为6.4±2.10分。在满分17分的情况下，平均预防措施得分为9±1.8分。登革热知识的预测因素包括感知到的威胁（优势比[OR]=1.802；95%置信区间[CI]=1.19 - 2.71；p = 0.005）、自我效能感（OR = 2.910；95% CI = 1.77 - 4.76；p = 0.000）以及将电视作为信息来源（OR = 3.202；95% CI = 1.97 - 5.17；p = 0.000）。登革热预防措施的预测因素包括感知到的威胁（OR = 1.502；95% CI = 1.02 - 2.19；p = 0.036）、自我效能感（OR = 1.982；95% CI = 1.34 - 2.91；p = 0.000）以及登革热知识（OR = 1.581；95% CI = 1.05 - 2.37；p = 0.028）。
卡拉奇公众对登革热的了解程度较低。知识、威胁感知和自我效能感是充分的登革热预防措施的重要预测因素。预防和控制策略应侧重于通过电视提高对登革热感染风险和严重性的认识。健康信息的设计应旨在提高个人自我效能感。
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