帕金森病与认知障碍：五件新事。
Parkinson disease and cognitive impairment: Five new things.
作者信息
Davis Albert A, Racette Brad
机构信息
Department of Neurology (AAD, BR), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; and School of Public Health (BR), University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
出版信息
Neurol Clin Pract. 2016 Oct;6(5):452-458. doi: 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000285.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
While the distinctive motor symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD) have been described for centuries, cognitive impairment has only recently been recognized as a central feature. Studies have yielded clues to the etiology and natural history of cognitive impairment in PD, but much remains unclear and effective therapies are needed.
RECENT FINDINGS
Longitudinal cohort studies demonstrate that almost all patients with PD will develop dementia if they live long enough. New CSF biomarker and genetic studies suggest that it may soon be possible to forecast and track the progression of dementia in PD. Sleep and sleep disturbance appear to be intrinsically linked with PD, although the implications for individual outcomes and opportunities for intervention are unclear. Multidisciplinary treatment approaches incorporating cognitive training may help to improve outcomes.
SUMMARY
We review several recent advances in understanding the pathophysiology, genetics, and management of cognitive impairment in PD.
摘要
综述目的
帕金森病（PD）独特的运动症状已被描述了几个世纪，而认知障碍直到最近才被确认为一个核心特征。研究已为PD认知障碍的病因和自然史提供了线索，但仍有许多不清楚的地方，因此需要有效的治疗方法。
最新发现
纵向队列研究表明，几乎所有PD患者如果活得足够长都会发展为痴呆。新的脑脊液生物标志物和基因研究表明，很快有可能预测和追踪PD痴呆的进展。睡眠和睡眠障碍似乎与PD有着内在联系，尽管对个体预后的影响以及干预机会尚不清楚。纳入认知训练的多学科治疗方法可能有助于改善预后。
总结
我们综述了近期在理解PD认知障碍的病理生理学、遗传学和管理方面的几项进展。
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