Yamawaki Niwako, Kelly Clinton, Dresden Brooke E, Busath Gregory L, Riley Christina E
Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, 1094 SWKT, Provo, UT 84602.
Department of Psychological Science, Northern Arizona University, 5 East McConnell Drive, SBS No. 228, Flagstaff, AZ 86011.
Mil Med. 2016 Nov;181(11):e1546-e1552. doi: 10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00489.
The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate factors in the work environment of the U.S. military that influence barriers toward seeking help from mental health. In particular, this study investigated the effects of gender, pay grade, satisfaction of work, coworkers, leaders, and perceived hostility in the workplace on practical concerns for and stigma toward seeking help from mental health services. A sample of 22,792 was drawn from the 2012 Workplace and Gender Relations Survey. The results revealed the crucial roles of work environments for stigma toward seeking help from mental health services. Being female or an officer are significant predictors for greater stigma toward and practical concerns that impede seeking help from mental health professionals in comparison to being male or an enlisted officer. Furthermore, higher workplace hostility, lower satisfaction toward leaders, coworkers, and one's work were all significant predictors for greater stigma toward and practical concerns for seeking help. This study revealed the vital roles of work environments in the military that influence stigma toward and practical concerns for seeking help from mental health professionals. Some implications and recommendations for prevention and intervention for underutilization of mental health services are discussed.
这项探索性研究的目的是调查美国军队工作环境中影响寻求心理健康帮助障碍的因素。具体而言，本研究调查了性别、薪资等级、工作满意度、同事、领导以及工作场所中感知到的敌意对寻求心理健康服务的实际担忧和耻辱感的影响。从2012年工作场所与性别关系调查中抽取了22792个样本。结果揭示了工作环境在对寻求心理健康服务的耻辱感方面的关键作用。与男性或普通士兵相比，女性或军官对寻求心理健康专业人员帮助的耻辱感和阻碍寻求帮助的实际担忧更为显著。此外，工作场所敌意较高、对领导、同事和自己工作的满意度较低，都是对寻求帮助的更大耻辱感和实际担忧的显著预测因素。本研究揭示了军队工作环境在影响对寻求心理健康专业人员帮助的耻辱感和实际担忧方面的重要作用。讨论了一些针对心理健康服务利用不足的预防和干预的启示和建议。
