Whitmore W G
Department of Ophthalmology, New York Hospital-Cornell University Medical Center, New York.
Ophthalmology. 1989 Mar;96(3):393-8. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(89)32880-6.
All 225 tenants (181 female and 44 male patients) of a nursing home in New York City underwent eye examinations at least once within a 1-year period to determine the prevalence of senile cataract, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), open-angle glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy. The average age was 85.4 years (range, 60-108 years). With aphakia and pseudophakia included in the diagnosis of "cataract," the respective prevalences were found to be 81, 37, 11, and 2.1%. There was a statistically significant increase in the prevalence of cataracts and AMD in those patients 85 years of age or older when compared with the younger patients in the nursing home (P less than 0.05). Of those patients without organic brain syndrome, 44% (66/151) had a visual acuity of 20/40 or better in at least one eye. Thirty percent (45/151) had a visual acuity of 20/200 or worse in both eyes. Although this study has no control population of patients outside nursing homes, a review of the literature suggests that geriatric nursing home patients may have a higher prevalence of eye disease than their chronologic peers outside nursing homes. Further study is necessary to determine whether residents of geriatric nursing homes are receiving adequate ophthalmic care.
纽约市一家养老院的所有225名住户（181名女性和44名男性患者）在1年时间内至少接受了一次眼部检查，以确定老年性白内障、年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）、开角型青光眼和糖尿病视网膜病变的患病率。平均年龄为85.4岁（范围60 - 108岁）。将无晶状体眼和人工晶状体眼纳入“白内障”诊断，其患病率分别为81%、37%、11%和2.1%。与养老院中较年轻的患者相比，85岁及以上患者的白内障和AMD患病率有统计学显著增加（P < 0.05）。在那些没有器质性脑综合征的患者中，44%（66/151）至少一只眼的视力为20/40或更好。30%（45/151）双眼视力为20/200或更差。尽管本研究没有养老院以外患者的对照人群，但文献综述表明，老年养老院患者的眼病患病率可能高于养老院以外同年龄段的同龄人。有必要进一步研究以确定老年养老院居民是否得到了充分的眼科护理。
