Dunlop Sally, Perez Donna, Dessaix Anita, Currow David
Cancer Institute New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Tob Control. 2016 Nov 15. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2016-053166.
In December 2012, Australia introduced world-first legislation mandating plain packaging for all tobacco products. To date, there is very little evidence on youth responses to the changed packs.
To assess attitudes towards, and responses to, tobacco plain packs preimplementation and postimplementation.
The Tobacco Promotion Impact Study (TPIS) was a yearly cross-sectional telephone survey of adolescents and young adults (12-24 years) from the states of New South Wales (NSW) and Queensland, conducted at three time points preimplementation (June 2010; June 2011; June 2012) and one time point postimplementation (June 2013; total n=8820).
There were significant increases in support for plain packaging from preimplementation to postimplementation for: never smokers (56% in 2012 vs 63% in 2013; OR=0.77, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.90, p=0.001), experimenters/ex-smokers (55% in 2012 vs 72% in 2013; OR=0.51, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.68, p<0.001) and current smokers (35% in 2012 vs 55% in 2013; OR=0.49, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.75, p=0.001). At postimplementation, 16% of never smokers reported that plain packaging made them less likely to try smoking and 18% of experimenters/ex-smokers reported that plain packaging made them less likely to smoke again. Youth were significantly less likely to have anticipated these responses preimplementation (never smokers: 8% in 2011; OR=0.43, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.65, p<0.00; experimenters/ex-smokers: 11%; OR=0.65, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.82, p<0.001). At postimplementation, 34% of smokers reported a quitting-related response to plain packaging (tried to quit or thought about quitting); the proportion who anticipated such a response preimplementation was significantly less (14% in 2011; OR=0.33, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.53, p<0.001). 28% of smokers reported a social denormalisation response at postimplementation (hid their pack from view, used a case to cover their pack, felt embarrassed); the proportion who anticipated such a response preimplementation was significantly less (9% in 2011; OR=0.24, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.42, p<0.001).
The actual response of youth to plain packaging was greater than anticipated prior to their introduction, and support for plain packaging increased from preimplementation to postimplementation among all groups of youth. Jurisdictions planning to implement plain tobacco packaging should be encouraged by these findings.
2012年12月，澳大利亚出台了一项世界首创的立法，规定所有烟草制品都必须采用平装包装。迄今为止，几乎没有证据表明年轻人对包装变化的反应。
评估实施烟草平装包装前后年轻人对其的态度及反应。
烟草促销影响研究（TPIS）是一项针对新南威尔士州（NSW）和昆士兰州12至24岁青少年和年轻人的年度横断面电话调查，在实施前的三个时间点（2010年6月；2011年6月；2012年6月）和实施后的一个时间点（2013年6月；共8820人）进行。
从实施前到实施后，对平装包装的支持率显著上升的群体有：从不吸烟者（2012年为56%，2013年为63%；比值比[OR]=0.77，95%置信区间[CI]为0.65至0.90，p=0.001）、尝试吸烟者/曾经吸烟者（2012年为55%，2013年为72%；OR=0.51，95%CI为0.38至0.68，p<0.001）和当前吸烟者（2012年为35%，2013年为55%；OR=0.49，95%CI为0.32至0.75，p=0.001）。在实施后，16%的从不吸烟者表示平装包装使他们尝试吸烟的可能性降低，18%的尝试吸烟者/曾经吸烟者表示平装包装使他们再次吸烟的可能性降低。年轻人在实施前预计会有这些反应的可能性显著更低（从不吸烟者：2011年为8%；OR=0.43，95%CI为0.28至0.65，p<0.00；尝试吸烟者/曾经吸烟者：11%；OR=0.65，95%CI为0.52至0.82，p<0.001）。在实施后，34%的吸烟者报告了与平装包装相关的戒烟反应（尝试戒烟或考虑戒烟）；实施前预计会有这种反应的比例显著更低（2011年为14%；OR=0.33，95%CI为0.20至0.53，p<0.001）。28%的吸烟者在实施后报告了社会去正常化反应（将烟包藏起来不让人看见、用烟盒套住烟包、感到尴尬）；实施前预计会有这种反应的比例显著更低（2011年为9%；OR=0.24，95%CI为0.14至0.42，p<0.001）。
年轻人对平装包装的实际反应比实施前预期的更大，并且在所有青年群体中，对平装包装的支持从实施前到实施后有所增加。这些研究结果应能鼓励计划实施烟草平装包装的司法管辖区。
