State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
Virol Sin. 2017 Feb;32(1):3-15. doi: 10.1007/s12250-016-3850-1. Epub 2016 Nov 14.
Ebolaviruses are highly dangerous pathogens exhibiting extreme virulence in humans and nonhuman primates. The majority of ebolavirus species, most notably Zaire ebolavirus, can cause Ebola virus disease (EVD), formerly known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, in humans. EVD is associated with case-fatality rates as high as 90%, and there is currently no specific treatment or licensed vaccine available against EVD. Understanding the molecular biology and pathogenesis of ebolaviruses is important for the development of antiviral therapeutics. Ebolavirus encodes several forms of glycoproteins (GPs), which have some interesting characteristics, including the transcriptional editing coding strategy and extensive O-glycosylation modification, clustered in the mucin-like domain of GP1, full-length GP (GP), and shed GP. In addition to the canonical role of the spike protein, GP, in viral entry, ebolavirus GPs appear to have multiple additional functions, likely contributing to the complex pathogenesis of the virus. Here, we review the roles of ebolavirus GPs in viral pathogenesis.
埃博拉病毒是高度危险的病原体，对人类和非人类灵长类动物表现出极高的毒力。大多数埃博拉病毒物种，尤其是扎伊尔埃博拉病毒，可导致人类埃博拉病毒病（EVD），以前称为埃博拉出血热。EVD 的病死率高达 90%，目前尚无针对 EVD 的特效治疗方法或已批准的疫苗。了解埃博拉病毒的分子生物学和发病机制对于抗病毒治疗药物的开发很重要。埃博拉病毒编码几种形式的糖蛋白（GPs），这些糖蛋白具有一些有趣的特征，包括转录编辑编码策略和在 GP1 的粘蛋白样结构域、全长 GP（GP）和脱落 GP 中的广泛 O-糖基化修饰。除了 Spike 蛋白 GP 在病毒进入中的典型作用外，埃博拉病毒 GPs 似乎具有多种额外功能，可能有助于病毒的复杂发病机制。在这里，我们综述了埃博拉病毒 GPs 在病毒发病机制中的作用。
