Boechat Cácio Luiz, Giovanella Patricia, Amorim Magno Batista, de Sá Enilson Luiz Saccol, de Oliveira Camargo Flávio Anastácio
Cinobelina Elvas, Agronomy Department, Federal University of Piauí, BR 135, km 3, Planalto Horizonte, Bom Jesus, PI, Brazil.
Soil Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Jan;24(3):3063-3073. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-8103-1. Epub 2016 Nov 16.
Phytoremediation consists of biological techniques for heavy metal remediation, which include exploring the genetic package of vegetable species to remove heavy metals from the environment. The goals of this study were to investigate heavy metal and bioaugmentation effects on growth and nutrient uptake by Mucuna deeringiana; to determine the metal translocation factor and bioconcentration factor and provide insight for using native bacteria to enhance heavy metal accumulation. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions using a 2 × 4 factorial scheme with highly and slightly contaminated soil samples and inoculating M. deeringiana with three highly lead (Pb)-resistant bacteria Kluyvera intermedia (Ki), Klebsiella oxytoca (Ko), and Citrobacter murliniae (Cm) isolated from the rhizosphere of native plants identified as Senecio brasiliensis (Spreng.) Less., Senecio leptolobus DC., and Baccharis trimera (Less) DC., respectively. The increased heavy metal concentrations in soil samples do not decrease the root dry mass of M. deeringiana, concerning the number and dry weight of nodules. The shoot dry mass is reduced by the increasing concentration of heavy metals in soil associated with Kluyvera intermedia and Klebsiella oxytoca bacteria. The number of nodules is affected by heavy metals associated with Citrobacter murliniae bacteria. The bacteria K. intermedia, C. murliniae, and K. oxytoca increase the lead and cadmium available in the soil and enhanced metal uptake by Mucuna deeringiana. The M. deeringiana specie has characteristics that make it hyperaccumulate copper and zinc. The translocation and bioconcentration factors for M. deeringiana characterize it as a promising candidate to phytostabilize multi-metal contaminated soils.
植物修复包括用于重金属修复的生物技术，其中包括探索蔬菜物种的基因组合以从环境中去除重金属。本研究的目的是调查重金属和生物强化对鹿藿生长和养分吸收的影响；确定金属转运因子和生物富集因子，并为利用本地细菌增强重金属积累提供见解。该实验在温室条件下采用2×4析因设计方案进行，使用高度污染和轻度污染的土壤样本，并分别用从被鉴定为巴西千里光（Spreng.）Less.、细裂千里光DC.和三裂叶豚草（Less）DC.的本地植物根际分离出的三种高耐铅（Pb）细菌中间克鲁维氏菌（Ki）、产酸克雷伯菌（Ko）和默氏柠檬酸杆菌（Cm）对鹿藿进行接种。土壤样本中重金属浓度的增加，就根瘤数量和干重而言，并未降低鹿藿的根干质量。与中间克鲁维氏菌和产酸克雷伯菌相关的土壤中重金属浓度的增加会降低地上部干质量。根瘤数量受与默氏柠檬酸杆菌相关的重金属影响。中间克鲁维氏菌、默氏柠檬酸杆菌和产酸克雷伯菌增加了土壤中铅和镉的有效性，并增强了鹿藿对金属的吸收。鹿藿物种具有使其超积累铜和锌的特性。鹿藿的转运和生物富集因子使其成为植物稳定多金属污染土壤的有前途的候选者。
