Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA).
University of Trier.
J Pers. 2017 Dec;85(6):841-851. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12292. Epub 2017 Feb 7.
The dispositional inability to self-regulate one's own emotions intuitively is described as state orientation and has been associated with numerous psychological impairments. The necessity to search for buffering effects against negative outcomes of state orientation is evident. Research suggests that state-oriented individuals can benefit from feeling close to others. Yet, there are individual differences in the extent to which supportive relationships are valued. The objective of the present article was to examine whether high importance of relatedness increases the utilization of its situational activation among state-oriented individuals.
In two studies, we examined whether situational activation of relatedness (by priming for similarities with a close other) is particularly advantageous for state-oriented individuals who attach high importance to relatedness (i.e., benevolence values). The sample consisted of 170 psychology undergraduates in Study 1 and 177 in Study 2.
In both studies, state-oriented participants high in benevolence had reduced negative mood after thinking about similarities (vs. differences). State-oriented participants low in benevolence did not benefit from priming for similarities. In Study 2, physical presence of a close other did not boost priming effects for state-oriented participants but stimulated action-oriented participants to attune their self-regulatory efforts to the context.
The results show that state-oriented individuals who value benevolence do benefit from a situational activation of relatedness.
无法直观地自我调节情绪的性格倾向被描述为状态导向，并且与许多心理障碍有关。显然，有必要寻找针对状态导向负面结果的缓冲效应。研究表明，状态导向的个体可以从与他人亲近中受益。然而，支持性关系的重要程度存在个体差异。本文的目的是检验与他人的联系的重要性是否会增加状态导向个体对其情境激活的利用。
在两项研究中，我们检验了相关情境的激活（通过与亲密他人的相似性启动）是否对高度重视与他人的联系（即仁慈价值观）的状态导向个体特别有利。样本由 170 名心理学本科生（研究 1）和 177 名本科生（研究 2）组成。
在两项研究中，仁慈价值观高的状态导向参与者在思考相似性（而不是差异）后，负面情绪会减少。仁慈价值观低的状态导向参与者不会从相似性启动中受益。在研究 2 中，亲密他人的身体存在并没有增强状态导向参与者的启动效应，但刺激了行动导向参与者调整自我调节努力以适应环境。
结果表明，重视仁慈价值观的状态导向个体确实受益于相关情境的激活。
