Centre de Primatologie de l'Université de Strasbourg, 67207 Niederhausbergen, France; Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives, UMR 7364, CNRS et Université de Strasbourg, France.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2017 Nov;82:110-123. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.11.007. Epub 2016 Nov 18.
Since Premack and Woodruf (1978), the study of mindreading abilities in nonhumans, especially primates, has been thoroughly investigated. But attempts to understand the evolution of this aspect of human intelligence have mainly focused on comparisons between apes and human infants, while relatively little is known about the abilities of monkeys. This lack of data on monkeys seems mainly due to the hypothesis of a cognitive "gap" between apes and monkeys. However, in recent years monkeys have been featuring more prominently in the landscape of social cognition research, and some of these systematic studies appear promising. This paper reviews i) current knowledge about monkeys' socio-cognitive abilities, especially regarding gaze processing, attention and intention reading, and perspective-taking, ii) alternative hypotheses regarding the underlying mechanisms of such complex behaviors, and iii) potential new perspectives and future directions for studying ToM in monkeys.
自 Premack 和 Woodruff（1978 年）以来，对非人类，特别是灵长类动物的心理解读能力的研究已经进行得非常彻底。但是，对于理解人类智力这一方面的进化，主要集中在类人猿和人类婴儿之间的比较上，而对猴子的能力则知之甚少。这种对猴子缺乏数据的情况似乎主要归因于类人猿和猴子之间认知“差距”的假设。然而，近年来，猴子在社会认知研究领域越来越突出，其中一些系统的研究似乎很有前景。本文回顾了 i）猴子社会认知能力的现有知识，特别是关于注视处理、注意力和意图阅读以及观点采择，ii）关于这些复杂行为的潜在机制的替代假设，以及 iii）研究猴子心理理论的新视角和未来方向。
Zotero 插件