Shi Dingmei, Yao Yao, Yu Weifei
Department of Nursing, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China.
J Clin Nurs. 2017 Oct;26(19-20):2907-2914. doi: 10.1111/jocn.13661. Epub 2017 Mar 12.
To evaluate the efficacy of different methods of preoperative hair removal in reducing surgical site infections.
Surgical site infections are a major source of morbidity and prolonged hospitalisation following surgery. However, there is a lack of data regarding the impact of different preoperative hair removal techniques on the incidence of surgical site infections.
A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.
Randomised controlled trials and controlled clinical trials reporting the impact of different methods of preoperative hair removal on reducing surgical site infections were collected through databases, including the Cochrane Library, Joanna Briggs Institute Library, PubMed, Elsevier, EMBASE, Nursing Consult, China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang data. The articles were published from 1 January 1990-15 March 2016. Meta-analyses were conducted with review manager version 5.0.
Fourteen trials were included (16 comparisons) in the review, including 11 randomised controlled trials and three controlled clinical trials. Interventions in the studies were shaving, clipping, no hair removal and the use of depilatory cream. The meta-analyses included 7278 patients, from 10 countries. Nine studies compared shaving with no hair removal, four studies compared shaving with clipping, two studies compared shaving with depilatory cream, and one study compared clipping with no hair removal. No significant differences in the frequency of surgical site infections were observed between any of the methods assessed.
No significant differences between shaving, clipping, no hair removal and depilatory cream were observed in the frequency of surgical site infections.
Preoperative hair removal should be avoided unless necessary. When it is necessary to remove hair, the existing evidence suggests that clipping is more effective in reducing surgical site infections than shaving or depilatory cream.
评估不同术前脱毛方法在降低手术部位感染方面的疗效。
手术部位感染是术后发病和住院时间延长的主要原因。然而，关于不同术前脱毛技术对手术部位感染发生率影响的数据较少。
系统文献综述和荟萃分析。
通过数据库收集报告不同术前脱毛方法对降低手术部位感染影响的随机对照试验和对照临床试验，包括Cochrane图书馆、乔安娜·布里格斯研究所图书馆、PubMed、爱思唯尔、EMBASE、护理咨询、中国生物医学光盘、中国知网和万方数据。文章发表时间为1990年1月1日至2016年3月15日。使用Review Manager 5.0进行荟萃分析。
该综述纳入了14项试验（16组比较），包括11项随机对照试验和3项对照临床试验。研究中的干预措施包括剃须、剪毛、不脱毛和使用脱毛膏。荟萃分析纳入了来自10个国家的7278名患者。9项研究比较了剃须与不脱毛，4项研究比较了剃须与剪毛，2项研究比较了剃须与脱毛膏，1项研究比较了剪毛与不脱毛。在所评估的任何方法之间，手术部位感染的频率均未观察到显著差异。
在手术部位感染频率方面，剃须、剪毛、不脱毛和脱毛膏之间未观察到显著差异。
除非必要，应避免术前脱毛。当有必要去除毛发时，现有证据表明，剪毛在降低手术部位感染方面比剃须或脱毛膏更有效。
