IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph. 2017 Jan;23(1):81-90. doi: 10.1109/TVCG.2016.2598830.
Due to the uncertain nature of weather prediction, climate simulations are usually performed multiple times with different spatial resolutions. The outputs of simulations are multi-resolution spatial temporal ensembles. Each simulation run uses a unique set of values for multiple convective parameters. Distinct parameter settings from different simulation runs in different resolutions constitute a multi-resolution high-dimensional parameter space. Understanding the correlation between the different convective parameters, and establishing a connection between the parameter settings and the ensemble outputs are crucial to domain scientists. The multi-resolution high-dimensional parameter space, however, presents a unique challenge to the existing correlation visualization techniques. We present Nested Parallel Coordinates Plot (NPCP), a new type of parallel coordinates plots that enables visualization of intra-resolution and inter-resolution parameter correlations. With flexible user control, NPCP integrates superimposition, juxtaposition and explicit encodings in a single view for comparative data visualization and analysis. We develop an integrated visual analytics system to help domain scientists understand the connection between multi-resolution convective parameters and the large spatial temporal ensembles. Our system presents intricate climate ensembles with a comprehensive overview and on-demand geographic details. We demonstrate NPCP, along with the climate ensemble visualization system, based on real-world use-cases from our collaborators in computational and predictive science.
由于天气预报的不确定性，气候模拟通常需要在不同的空间分辨率下多次进行。模拟的输出是多分辨率时空集合。每次模拟运行都使用一组独特的值来表示多个对流参数。不同分辨率下的不同模拟运行的不同参数设置构成了一个多分辨率高维参数空间。了解不同对流参数之间的相关性，并在参数设置和集合输出之间建立联系，对领域科学家来说至关重要。然而，多分辨率高维参数空间对现有的相关可视化技术提出了独特的挑战。我们提出了嵌套平行坐标图（Nested Parallel Coordinates Plot，NPCP），这是一种新的平行坐标图类型，能够可视化同分辨率和跨分辨率参数之间的相关性。通过灵活的用户控制，NPCP 在单个视图中集成了叠加、并列和显式编码，用于比较数据的可视化和分析。我们开发了一个集成的可视化分析系统，帮助领域科学家理解多分辨率对流参数与大规模时空集合之间的关系。我们的系统以综合概览和按需地理细节的方式呈现复杂的气候集合。我们展示了 NPCP 以及气候集合可视化系统，这些都是基于我们在计算和预测科学方面的合作者的实际用例。
