Medina-Fernández Francisco J, Luque Evelio, Aguilar-Luque Macarena, Agüera Eduardo, Feijóo Montserrat, García-Maceira Fe I, Escribano Begoña M, Pascual-Leone Álvaro, Drucker-Colín René, Túnez Isaac
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cordoba, Spain.
Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Spain; Department of Morphological Sciences, Histology Section, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cordoba, Spain.
Life Sci. 2017 Jan 15;169:20-26. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.11.011. Epub 2016 Nov 20.
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is considered a valid experimental model for multiple sclerosis, a chronic neuroinflammatory condition of the central nervous system. Additionally, some evidence has shown that some microbial products such as the bacterial lipopolysaccharide could lead to the activation of reactive immune cells, triggering neuroinflammation. Several studies have found that transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) may exert a neuroprotective effect. Therefore, we aimed to assess the effect of TMS on the neuroinflammation occurring in EAE.
A total of 44 male Dark Agouti rats were used. EAE induction was performed administering subcutaneously at the dorsal base of the tail a single dose of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein. Clinical evaluation of motor symptoms was performed. Brain and spinal cord were collected and analyzed for nitric oxide, bacterial lipopolysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein. We also carried out a histologic exam, which included an astrocyte immunostaining and Nissl staining for the assessment of brain cell density and pyknotic nuclei.
TMS effectively ameliorated motor impairment secondary to EAE. This form of magnetic field was capable of decreasing the proliferation of astrocytes as a response to the autoimmune attack, reducing the content of nitric oxide, bacterial lipopolysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein in central nervous system. Moreover, in treated animals, brain cell density was improved and the number of pyknotic nuclei was decreased.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation modifies astrocytosis, cell density and lipopolysaccharide levels in EAE. These results suggest that TMS could be a promising treatment for neuroinflammatory conditions such as multiple sclerosis.
实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎（EAE）被认为是多发性硬化症的有效实验模型，多发性硬化症是一种中枢神经系统的慢性神经炎症性疾病。此外，一些证据表明，某些微生物产物，如细菌脂多糖，可导致反应性免疫细胞的激活，引发神经炎症。多项研究发现，经颅磁刺激（TMS）可能具有神经保护作用。因此，我们旨在评估TMS对EAE中发生的神经炎症的影响。
共使用44只雄性黑褐大鼠。通过在尾背基部皮下注射单剂量的髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白来诱导EAE。对运动症状进行临床评估。收集大脑和脊髓并分析其中的一氧化氮、细菌脂多糖和脂多糖结合蛋白。我们还进行了组织学检查，包括星形胶质细胞免疫染色和尼氏染色，以评估脑细胞密度和固缩核。
TMS有效改善了EAE继发的运动障碍。这种磁场形式能够减少星形胶质细胞因自身免疫攻击而发生的增殖，降低中枢神经系统中一氧化氮、细菌脂多糖和脂多糖结合蛋白的含量。此外，在接受治疗的动物中，脑细胞密度得到改善，固缩核数量减少。
经颅磁刺激可改变EAE中的星形胶质细胞增生、细胞密度和脂多糖水平。这些结果表明，TMS可能是治疗多发性硬化症等神经炎症性疾病的一种有前景的疗法。
