Immediate decrease in antigen-presenting function and delayed enhancement of interleukin-1 production in human epidermal cells after in vivo UVB irradiation.

Human skin was irradiated in vivo with a single UVB dose (100 mJ/cm2 or 200 mJ/cm2) to examine simultaneously the antigen-presenting function and interleukin-1 (IL-1) production capacity of irradiated epidermal cells (EC). Suction blisters were produced on irradiated areas on days 0, 3 and 7 after UVB. Irradiated EC were harvested and co-cultured with autologous T lymphocytes in the presence of antigens (PPD, HSV) or mitogen (ConA). Culture supernatants were tested for IL-1 activity using the thymocyte comitogenity assay. We found that a single 200 mJ/cm2 dose of UVB caused an immediate suppression of the antigen-presenting function of EC, but no alteration in their IL-1 production capacity or surface marker expression (ATPase, CDI). PPD- and HSV-induced lymphocyte proliferation was decreased 70-80% and ConA-driven proliferation 30% when compared to non-irradiated EC. However, this suppression was restored on days 3 and 7 after UVB irradiation, this being coexistent with an increased capacity of EC to produce IL-1. It remains to be elucidated whether the immediate UVB-induced photoimmunosuppression observed in the present study is due to inhibitory mediators or impaired membrane function of EC or both.