Murphy Timothy F
Professor of philosophy in the biomedical sciences at the University of Illinois College of Medicine in Chicago.
AMA J Ethics. 2016 Nov 1;18(11):1079-1085. doi: 10.1001/journalofethics.2016.18.11.ecas2-1611.
Some people want to modify their bodies through hormonal and surgical treatments in order to resolve gender dysphoria, the distress they experience when their bodies do not align with their gender identity. The World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) offers guidelines to clinicians regarding treatment of people wanting to modify their bodies for this reason. Prior to these modifications, WPATH advises that mental health screening is needed and that psychotherapy is recommended though not a requirement. In fact, these advisories allow clinicians some freedom in applying the standards to specific cases. Although some variation from the WPATH Standards of Care can be clinically acceptable, informed consent remains an essential component of clinical encounters involving body modifications.
一些人希望通过激素和手术治疗来改变自己的身体，以解决性别焦虑，即当他们的身体与性别认同不一致时所经历的痛苦。世界跨性别健康专业协会（WPATH）为临床医生提供了有关治疗因这一原因希望改变身体的人的指导方针。在进行这些改变之前，WPATH建议需要进行心理健康筛查，并建议进行心理治疗，但并非强制要求。事实上，这些建议使临床医生在将标准应用于具体病例时有一定的自由度。虽然与WPATH护理标准存在一些差异在临床上可以接受，但知情同意仍然是涉及身体改变的临床诊疗中的一个重要组成部分。
