Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India.
Department of Microbiology, Assam Don Bosco University, Guwahati, Assam, 781017, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Feb;24(4):3315-3335. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-8104-0. Epub 2016 Nov 26.
The worldwide increase in human population raises a big threat to the food security of each people as the land for agriculture is limited and even getting reduced with time. Therefore, it is essential that agricultural productivity should be enhanced significantly within the next few decades to meet the large demand of food by emerging population. Not to mention, too much dependence on chemical fertilizers for more crop productions inevitably damages both environmental ecology and human health with great severity. Exploitation of microbes as biofertilizers is considered to some extent an alternative to chemical fertilizers in agricultural sector due to their extensive potentiality in enhancing crop production and food safety. It has been observed that some microorganisms including plant growth promoting bacteria, fungi, Cyanobacteria, etc. have showed biofertilizer-like activities in the agricultural sector. Extensive works on biofertilizers have revealed their capability of providing required nutrients to the crop in sufficient amounts that resulted in the enhancement of crop yield. The present review elucidates various mechanisms that have been exerted by biofertilizers in order to promote plant growth and also provides protection against different plant pathogens. The aim of this review is to discuss the important roles and applications of biofertilizers in different sectors including agriculture, bioremediation, and ecology.
全球人口的增长对每个人的粮食安全构成了巨大威胁，因为农业土地是有限的，甚至随着时间的推移还在减少。因此，在未来几十年内显著提高农业生产力至关重要，以满足新兴人口对粮食的大量需求。更不用说，过度依赖化肥来生产更多的作物，不可避免地会对环境生态和人类健康造成严重破坏。由于微生物在提高作物产量和食品安全方面具有广泛的潜力，因此将微生物用作生物肥料在一定程度上被认为是农业领域化肥的替代品。已经观察到一些微生物，包括植物生长促进细菌、真菌、蓝细菌等，在农业领域表现出类似生物肥料的活性。对生物肥料的广泛研究揭示了它们为作物提供充足数量所需养分的能力，从而提高了作物产量。本综述阐述了生物肥料为促进植物生长所发挥的各种作用，并提供了对不同植物病原体的保护。本综述的目的是讨论生物肥料在农业、生物修复和生态学等不同领域的重要作用和应用。
