Webb Elizabeth, Panico Lidia, Bécares Laia, McMunn Anne, Kelly Yvonne, Sacker Amanda
ESRC International Centre for Lifecourse Studies in Society and Health (ICLS), Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
National Institute for Demographic Studies (INED), Paris, France.
J Adolesc Health. 2017 Feb;60(2):196-203. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.10.001. Epub 2016 Nov 23.
Substantial evidence supports the hypothesis that parental well-being impacts upon child well-being and that this relationship is bidirectional. Here we explore how, in a large, nationally representative sample, both parents' mental distress relates over time to each other's mental distress and to their adolescent child's unhappiness, and vice versa.
Analyses were conducted using data from waves one to five (2009/10-2014/15) of Understanding Society, the UK Household Longitudinal Study. Understanding Society collects data on adults' mental distress (General Health Questionnaire), and on youths' (age: 10-15 years) unhappiness in relation to their school work, appearance, family, friends, school, and life as a whole. We use repeated-measures structural equation models to investigate the reciprocal relationships between both parents' distress and their child's unhappiness, using both longitudinal cross-lagged and nonrecursive contemporaneous specifications. The analytic sample is 1,883 triads (adolescent child, mother, and father) with data at two or more consecutive time points. Analyses are stratified by adolescent gender.
Our results show that parental mental distress predicts unhappiness of girls but not that of boys. Reciprocal associations of maternal and paternal mental distress are evident in families with an adolescent daughter. Unhappiness of adolescents does not predict their parents' mental distress. Results are similar whether examined contemporaneously or over time.
Our findings support the suggestion that the family should be considered as a dynamic system, for instance when planning clinical interventions. This is particularly pertinent in families with an adolescent daughter present.
大量证据支持这样的假设，即父母的幸福感会影响孩子的幸福感，并且这种关系是双向的。在此，我们探讨在一个具有全国代表性的大样本中，父母双方的心理困扰如何随着时间相互关联，以及与他们青春期孩子的不幸福感之间的关系，反之亦然。
使用英国家庭纵向研究“理解社会”第一至五轮（2009/10 - 2014/15）的数据进行分析。“理解社会”收集了关于成年人心理困扰（一般健康问卷）以及青少年（年龄：10 - 15岁）在学业、外貌、家庭、朋友、学校及整体生活方面的不幸福感的数据。我们使用重复测量结构方程模型，通过纵向交叉滞后和非递归同期设定，来研究父母双方的困扰与孩子的不幸福感之间的相互关系。分析样本为1883个三元组（青春期孩子、母亲和父亲），这些三元组在两个或更多连续时间点有数据。分析按青少年性别分层。
我们的结果表明，父母的心理困扰能预测女孩的不幸福感，但不能预测男孩的。在有青春期女儿的家庭中，母亲和父亲的心理困扰存在相互关联。青少年的不幸福感并不能预测其父母的心理困扰。无论同期考察还是随时间考察，结果都相似。
我们的研究结果支持这样的建议，即在规划临床干预等情况下，应将家庭视为一个动态系统。这在有青春期女儿的家庭中尤为相关。
