Gupta Mrinal, Mahajan Vikram K, Chauahn Pushpinder S, Mehta Karainder S, Rawat Ritu, Shiny T N
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India.
Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS. 2016 Jul-Dec;37(2):173-177. doi: 10.4103/0253-7184.185500.
Although modification of behavioral practices among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-affected patients is important in decreasing HIV disease transmission, the knowledge, attitude, and perception studies about HIV infection rarely include persons living with HIV/acquired immuno deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
To assess knowledge, attitude, and perceptions of persons living with HIV/AIDS for the disease and other epidemiological aspects.
One-hundred and fifty consecutive persons living with HIV/AIDS were enrolled for this questionnaire-based cross-sectional, descriptive study.
These 150 patients comprised 93 men and 57 women, aged between 14 and 78 (mean 37.13) years. The majority, 112 (74.67%) patients were between 20 and 50 years of age and 116 (77.3%) patients were either illiterate or high-school dropouts. Drivers, laborers, and self-employed comprised 69 (74.2%) patients among affected males. Only 129 (86%) respondents had heard about HIV/AIDS and knew about its heterosexual transmission. Ninety-eight (65.3%) respondents were aware of disease transmission from infected blood or needle pricks. Interestingly, 106 (70.7%) respondents were aware of the importance of using condom in preventing disease transmission. Television/radio was the most common sources of information for 135 (90%) patients. Nearly, 69% respondents disfavored disclosing their disease to friends/colleagues fearing stigmatization.
Information, education, and communication activities are imperative to educate persons living with HIV/AIDS about life-long nature of the disease, modes of its transmission, and significance of preventive measures to bridge the gaps in their knowledge. While improvement in individual economic status, education, and health services remains highly desirable, mass media can play a pivotal role in creating awareness among masses.
尽管改变受人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）影响患者的行为习惯对于减少HIV疾病传播很重要，但关于HIV感染的知识、态度和认知研究很少将HIV感染者/获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）患者纳入其中。
评估HIV/AIDS患者对该疾病及其他流行病学方面的知识、态度和认知。
连续招募150名HIV/AIDS患者参与这项基于问卷调查的横断面描述性研究。
这150名患者包括93名男性和57名女性，年龄在14至78岁之间（平均37.13岁）。大多数患者，即112名（74.67%）年龄在20至50岁之间，116名（77.3%）患者为文盲或高中辍学者。在受影响的男性患者中，司机、劳动者和个体经营者占69名（74.2%）。只有129名（86%）受访者听说过HIV/AIDS并知道其异性传播途径。98名（65.3%）受访者知晓通过感染血液或针刺传播疾病。有趣的是，106名（70.7%）受访者意识到使用避孕套预防疾病传播的重要性。电视/广播是135名（90%）患者最常见的信息来源。近69%的受访者因担心被污名化而不赞成向朋友/同事透露自己的病情。
信息、教育和宣传活动对于教育HIV/AIDS患者了解该疾病的终身性质、传播方式以及预防措施的重要性以弥补他们知识上的差距至关重要。虽然提高个人经济地位以及教育和卫生服务水平仍然非常必要，但大众媒体在提高公众意识方面可以发挥关键作用。
