Cutrufello Paul T, Gadomski Stephen J, Ratamess Nicholas A
1Department of Exercise Science and Sport, The University of Scranton, Scranton, Pennsylvania; 2Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland; and 3Department of Health and Exercise Science, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, New Jersey.
J Strength Cond Res. 2017 Feb;31(2):298-304. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001724.
Cutrufello, PT, Gadomski, SJ, and Ratamess, NA. An evaluation of agonist:antagonist strength ratios and posture among powerlifters. J Strength Cond Res 31(2): 298-304, 2017-Powerlifters routinely focus on 3 exercises: bench press, squat, and deadlift. This focus may predispose them to the development of muscle imbalances in either the upper or lower extremity which might also influence posture. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine the agonist:antagonist strength ratios and their relationship to postural measures among powerlifters. An ex post facto study design compared 15 male powerlifters (35.3 ± 13.7 years old) and 15 age-matched controls (34.9 ± 14.6 years old). Maximal isometric strength tests were conducted using handheld dynamometry. Posture was evaluated using pectoralis minor length, pelvic tilt, thoracic kyphosis, and lumbar lordosis. Strength imbalances were observed for shoulder horizontal adduction:abduction (2.57 ± 0.58 vs. 1.78 ± 0.28; p < 0.001) and knee flexion:extension (0.61 ± 0.15 vs. 0.50 ± 0.10; p = 0.033). Pectoralis minor length was significantly shorter among the powerlifters (6.1 ± 1.9 vs. 4.2 ± 1.4; p = 0.005); however, there was no statistical difference in thoracic kyphosis (37.7 ± 9.4 vs. 39.1 ± 10.9; p = 0.722), pelvic tilt (10.6 ± 3.6 vs. 11.3 ± 3.7; p = 0.622), or lumbar lordosis (25.0 ± 7.6 vs. 23.0 ± 8.4; p = 0.500) angles. Strength imbalances, including shoulder horizontal adduction:abduction and knee flexion:extension, and a shortened pectoralis minor may evolve as training adaptations among powerlifters, whereas thoracic kyphosis, pelvic tilt, and lumbar lordosis remain unchanged.
库特鲁费洛、PT、加多姆斯基、SJ和拉塔梅斯、NA。对力量举运动员中主动肌与拮抗肌力量比及姿势的评估。《力量与体能研究杂志》31(2): 298 - 304, 2017年——力量举运动员通常专注于三项训练：卧推、深蹲和硬拉。这种专注可能使他们易于出现上肢或下肢的肌肉失衡，这也可能影响姿势。因此，本研究的目的是检查力量举运动员中主动肌与拮抗肌力量比及其与姿势测量值的关系。一项事后研究设计比较了15名男性力量举运动员（35.3±13.7岁）和15名年龄匹配的对照组（34.9±14.6岁）。使用手持测力计进行最大等长力量测试。使用胸小肌长度、骨盆倾斜度、胸椎后凸和腰椎前凸来评估姿势。观察到肩部水平内收与外展的力量失衡（2.57±0.58对1.78±0.28；p<0.001）以及膝关节屈伸的力量失衡（0.61±0.15对0.50±0.10；p = 0.033）。力量举运动员的胸小肌长度明显较短（6.1±1.9对4.2±1.4；p = 0.005）；然而，胸椎后凸（37.7±9.4对39.1±10.9；p = 0.722）、骨盆倾斜度（10.6±3.6对11.3±3.7；p = 0.622）或腰椎前凸角度（25.0±7.6对23.0±8.4；p = 0.500）没有统计学差异。力量失衡，包括肩部水平内收与外展以及膝关节屈伸，以及胸小肌缩短可能是力量举运动员训练适应的结果，而胸椎后凸度、骨盆倾斜度和腰椎前凸度保持不变。
