Mason R P, Kosoko O, Wilson M R, Martone J F, Cowan C L, Gear J C, Ross-Degnan D
Division of Ophthalmology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC 20060.
Ophthalmology. 1989 Sep;96(9):1363-8. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(89)32708-4.
Although blacks appear to be at higher risk for blindness from glaucoma, there is little information available on the epidemiology of this disease in this population. Using a cluster sampling technique with systematic allocation of clusters, the authors conducted a national survey of black individuals 30 years of age and older, in St. Lucia. A total of 1679 individuals underwent a screening examination that included visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, and cup/disc (C/D) evaluation. Every third person had a screening field on the Humphrey field analyzer. Individuals with either elevated IOP, abnormal C/D ratio, or an abnormal screening visual field were referred for a definitive examination and threshold visual fields. A total of 520 people were referred. Identified by stringent criteria for the diagnosis of glaucoma, which required reliable threshold visual fields abnormal by the mirror image method, 147 individuals had glaucoma for a prevalence of 8.8% in the 30 years of age and older population.
尽管黑人因青光眼致盲的风险似乎更高，但关于该疾病在这一人群中的流行病学信息却很少。作者采用整群抽样技术并系统分配群组，在圣卢西亚对30岁及以上的黑人个体进行了一项全国性调查。共有1679人接受了包括视力、眼压（IOP）测量和杯盘比（C/D）评估在内的筛查检查。每三个人在Humphrey视野分析仪上进行一次筛查视野检查。眼压升高、C/D比值异常或筛查视野异常的个体被转诊进行确定性检查和阈值视野检查。共有520人被转诊。根据严格的青光眼诊断标准（要求通过镜像法得出可靠的异常阈值视野）确定，147人患有青光眼，在30岁及以上人群中的患病率为8.8%。
