Brody Gene H, Gray Joshua C, Yu Tianyi, Barton Allen W, Beach Steven R H, Galván Adrianna, MacKillop James, Windle Michael, Chen Edith, Miller Gregory E, Sweet Lawrence H
Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens.
Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens.
JAMA Pediatr. 2017 Jan 1;171(1):46-52. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.2988.
This study was designed to determine whether a preventive intervention focused on enhancing supportive parenting could ameliorate the association between exposure to poverty and brain development in low socioeconomic status African American individuals from the rural South.
To determine whether participation in an efficacious prevention program designed to enhance supportive parenting for rural African American children will ameliorate the association between living in poverty and reduced hippocampal and amygdalar volumes in adulthood.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In the rural southeastern United States, African American parents and their 11-year-old children were assigned randomly to the Strong African American Families randomized prevention trial or to a control condition. Parents provided data used to calculate income-to-needs ratios when children were aged 11 to 13 years and 16 to 18 years. When the participants were aged 25 years, hippocampal and amygdalar volumes were measured using magnetic resonance imaging.
Household poverty was measured by income-to-needs ratios.
Young adults' whole hippocampal, dentate gyrus, and CA3 hippocampal subfields as well as amygdalar volumes were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging.
Of the 667 participants in the Strong African American Families randomized prevention trial, 119 right-handed African American individuals aged 25 years living in rural areas were recruited. Years lived in poverty across ages 11 to 18 years forecasted diminished left dentate gyrus (simple slope, -14.20; standard error, 5.22; P = .008) and CA3 (simple slope, -6.42; standard error, 2.42; P = .009) hippocampal subfields and left amygdalar (simple slope, -34.62; standard error, 12.74; P = .008) volumes among young adults in the control condition (mean [SD] time, 2.04 [1.88] years) but not among those who participated in the Strong African American Families program (mean [SD] time, 2.61 [1.77] years).
In this study, we described how participation in a randomized clinical trial designed to enhance supportive parenting ameliorated the association of years lived in poverty with left dentate gyrus and CA3 hippocampal subfields and left amygdalar volumes. These findings are consistent with a possible role for supportive parenting and suggest a strategy for narrowing social disparities.
本研究旨在确定一项聚焦于加强支持性养育的预防性干预措施，是否能够改善美国南部农村地区社会经济地位较低的非裔美国人中，贫困暴露与大脑发育之间的关联。
确定参与一项旨在加强对农村非裔美国儿童支持性养育的有效预防项目，是否会改善贫困生活与成年后海马体和杏仁核体积减小之间的关联。
设计、地点和参与者：在美国东南部农村地区，非裔美国家长及其11岁的孩子被随机分配至“强大非裔美国家庭”随机预防试验或对照组。家长提供了孩子11至13岁以及16至18岁时用于计算收入需求比的数据。当参与者25岁时，使用磁共振成像测量其海马体和杏仁核体积。
家庭贫困程度通过收入需求比来衡量。
使用磁共振成像评估年轻成年人的整个海马体、齿状回和海马体CA3亚区以及杏仁核体积。
在“强大非裔美国家庭”随机预防试验的667名参与者中，招募了119名居住在农村地区、25岁的右利手非裔美国人。在对照组（平均[标准差]时间，2.04[1.88]年）中，11至18岁期间生活贫困的年限预示着年轻成年人的左侧齿状回（简单斜率，-14.20；标准误，5.22；P = 0.008）和CA3（简单斜率，-6.42；标准误，2.42；P = 0.009）海马体亚区以及左侧杏仁核（简单斜率，-34.62；标准误，12.74；P = 0.008）体积减小，但在参与“强大非裔美国家庭”项目的人群中（平均[标准差]时间，2.61[1.77]年）并非如此。
在本研究中，我们描述了参与一项旨在加强支持性养育的随机临床试验，如何改善了贫困生活年限与左侧齿状回、CA3海马体亚区以及左侧杏仁核体积之间的关联。这些发现与支持性养育可能发挥的作用相一致，并提示了一种缩小社会差距的策略。
