Joshi Kamal Kishore, Chien Peter
Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program and.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003; email:
Annu Rev Genet. 2016 Nov 23;50:423-445. doi: 10.1146/annurev-genet-120215-035235. Epub 2016 Oct 13.
Protein degradation is essential for all living things. Bacteria use energy-dependent proteases to control protein destruction in a highly specific manner. Recognition of substrates is determined by the inherent specificity of the proteases and through adaptor proteins that alter the spectrum of substrates. In the α-proteobacterium Caulobacter crescentus, regulated protein degradation is required for stress responses, developmental transitions, and cell cycle progression. In this review, we describe recent progress in our understanding of the regulated and stress-responsive protein degradation pathways in Caulobacter. We discuss how organization of highly specific adaptors into functional hierarchies drives destruction of proteins during the bacterial cell cycle. Because all cells must balance the need for degradation of many true substrates with the toxic consequences of nonspecific protein destruction, principles found in one system likely generalize to others.
蛋白质降解对所有生物来说都至关重要。细菌利用能量依赖型蛋白酶以高度特异性的方式控制蛋白质的破坏。底物的识别由蛋白酶的固有特异性以及通过改变底物谱的衔接蛋白来决定。在α-变形菌新月柄杆菌中，应激反应、发育转变和细胞周期进程都需要受调控的蛋白质降解。在这篇综述中，我们描述了我们对新月柄杆菌中受调控的和应激反应性蛋白质降解途径理解的最新进展。我们讨论了高度特异性衔接蛋白如何组织成功能层次结构，从而在细菌细胞周期中驱动蛋白质的破坏。由于所有细胞都必须在对许多真正底物进行降解的需求与非特异性蛋白质破坏的毒性后果之间取得平衡，在一个系统中发现的原理可能适用于其他系统。
