Nelson L M, Hellman S L
AAOHN J. 1989 Oct;37(10):404-11.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a preventable, bloodborne, and sexually transmitted disease which represents the major public health crisis of the century. Because treatments are costly and in their infancy, education in disease prevention is a major tool in battling this epidemic. One technique is to target individuals whose behavior places them at risk for infection and then providing individualized counseling and HIV antibody testing. The HIV antibody test is an important complement to diagnosis and care, and a mechanism to educate and foster behavior change through counseling in those who believe they are at risk. The occupational health nurse's role is to assess employees' risk and provide or refer those employees with a risk factor for individualized counseling and voluntary HIV antibody testing. Counseling and testing should be provided by a knowledgeable health care provider in a climate that protects individuals from discrimination and provides confidentiality.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染是一种可预防的、通过血液传播和性传播的疾病，它是本世纪主要的公共卫生危机。由于治疗费用高昂且尚处于起步阶段，疾病预防教育是抗击这一流行病的主要手段。一种方法是针对那些因其行为而有感染风险的个人，然后为他们提供个性化咨询和HIV抗体检测。HIV抗体检测是诊断和护理的重要补充，也是一种通过为那些认为自己有风险的人提供咨询来教育和促进行为改变的机制。职业健康护士的职责是评估员工的风险，并为那些有风险因素的员工提供或安排他们接受个性化咨询和自愿HIV抗体检测。咨询和检测应由知识渊博的医疗保健提供者在一个保护个人免受歧视并提供保密的环境中进行。
