MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1999 Jun 25;48(24):509-13.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counseling and voluntary testing (CT) programs have been an important part of national HIV prevention efforts since the first HIV antibody tests became available in 1985. In 1995, these programs accounted for approximately 15% of annual HIV antibody testing in the United States, excluding testing for blood donation. CT opportunities are offered to persons at risk for HIV infection at approximately 11,000 sites, including dedicated HIV CT sites, sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics, drug-treatment centers, hospitals, and prisons. In 39 states, testing can be obtained anonymously, where persons do not have to give their name to get tested. All states provide confidential testing (by name) and have confidentiality laws and regulations to protect this information. This report compares patterns of anonymous and confidential testing in all federally funded CT programs from 1995 through 1997 and documents the importance of both types of testing opportunities.
自1985年首次出现HIV抗体检测以来，人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）咨询与自愿检测（CT）项目一直是国家HIV预防工作的重要组成部分。1995年，在美国，这些项目占年度HIV抗体检测（不包括献血检测）的约15%。在大约11000个地点为有HIV感染风险的人提供CT机会，包括专门的HIV CT站点、性传播疾病（STD）诊所、戒毒治疗中心、医院和监狱。在39个州，可以进行匿名检测，即人们无需提供姓名即可接受检测。所有州都提供保密检测（按姓名），并拥有保护此类信息的保密法律法规。本报告比较了1995年至1997年所有联邦资助的CT项目中的匿名检测和保密检测模式，并记录了这两种检测机会的重要性。
