Weiland-Bräuer Nancy, Langfeldt Daniela, Schmitz Ruth A
Institut für Allgemeine Mikrobiologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 1-9, 24118, Kiel, Germany.
Methods Mol Biol. 2017;1539:23-42. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6691-2_3.
The marine environment covers more than 70 % of the world's surface. Marine microbial communities are highly diverse and have evolved during extended evolutionary processes of physiological adaptations under the influence of a variety of ecological conditions and selection pressures. They harbor an enormous diversity of microbes with still unknown and probably new physiological characteristics. In the past, marine microbes, mostly bacteria of microbial consortia attached to marine tissues of multicellular organisms, have proven to be a rich source of highly potent bioactive compounds, which represent a considerable number of drug candidates. However, to date, the biodiversity of marine microbes and the versatility of their bioactive compounds and metabolites have not been fully explored. This chapter describes sampling in the marine environment, construction of metagenomic large insert libraries from marine habitats, and exemplarily one function based screen of metagenomic clones for identification of quorum quenching activities.
海洋环境覆盖了全球70%以上的表面。海洋微生物群落高度多样，在各种生态条件和选择压力的影响下，经过长期的生理适应进化过程而形成。它们蕴藏着种类繁多的微生物，其生理特性仍不为人知且可能是全新的。过去，海洋微生物，主要是附着在多细胞生物海洋组织上的微生物群落中的细菌，已被证明是高效生物活性化合物的丰富来源，这些化合物代表了大量的候选药物。然而，迄今为止，海洋微生物的生物多样性及其生物活性化合物和代谢产物的多功能性尚未得到充分探索。本章描述了海洋环境中的采样、从海洋栖息地构建宏基因组大片段文库，以及示例性地基于功能筛选宏基因组克隆以鉴定群体感应淬灭活性。
