RNA降解、进化与睾丸。
RNA decay, evolution, and the testis.
作者信息
Jones Samantha H, Wilkinson Miles
机构信息
a Department of Reproductive Medicine , School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , CA , USA.
b Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla , CA , USA.
出版信息
RNA Biol. 2017 Feb;14(2):146-155. doi: 10.1080/15476286.2016.1265199. Epub 2016 Dec 2.
NMD is a highly conserved pathway that degrades specific subsets of RNAs. There is increasing evidence for roles of NMD in development. In this commentary, we focus on spermatogenesis, a process dramatically impeded upon loss or disruption of NMD. NMD requires strict regulation for normal spermatogenesis, as loss of a newly discovered NMD repressor, UPF3A, also causes spermatogenic defects, most prominently during meiosis. We discuss the unusual evolution of UPF3A, whose paralog, UPF3B, has the opposite biochemical function and acts in brain development. We also discuss the regulation of NMD during germ cell development, including in chromatoid bodies, which are specifically found in haploid germ cells. The ability of NMD to coordinately degrade batteries of RNAs in a regulated fashion during development is akin to the action of transcriptional pathways, yet has the advantage of driving rapid changes in gene expression.
无义介导的mRNA降解（NMD）是一条高度保守的途径，可降解特定的RNA亚群。越来越多的证据表明NMD在发育过程中发挥作用。在这篇评论中，我们重点关注精子发生，这一过程在NMD缺失或破坏时会受到严重阻碍。NMD对于正常的精子发生需要严格的调控，因为新发现的NMD抑制因子UPF3A的缺失也会导致生精缺陷，在减数分裂期间最为明显。我们讨论了UPF3A的异常进化，其旁系同源物UPF3B具有相反的生化功能并在大脑发育中起作用。我们还讨论了生殖细胞发育过程中NMD的调控，包括在单倍体生殖细胞中特有的拟染色体中的调控。NMD在发育过程中以一种受调控的方式协调降解大量RNA的能力类似于转录途径的作用，但具有驱动基因表达快速变化的优势。
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