Clinicopathological features and clinical outcomes associated with TP53 and BRAF mutations in cutaneous melanoma patients.

BACKGROUND

BRAF , NRAS, TP53, and BRAF are among the most common mutations detected in non-acral cutaneous melanoma patients. Although several studies have identified clinical and pathological features associated with BRAF and NRAS mutations, limited data are available regarding the correlates and significance of TP53 and BRAF mutations.

METHODS

This study analyzed the patient demographics, primary tumor features, and clinical outcomes of a large cohort of non-acral cutaneous melanoma patients who had undergone clinically indicated molecular testing (n = 926).

RESULTS

The prevalence of BRAF , NRAS, TP53, and BRAF mutations was 43%, 21%, 19%, and 7%, respectively. The presence of a TP53 mutation was associated with older age (P = .019), a head and neck primary tumor site (P = .0001), and longer overall survival (OS) from the diagnosis of stage IV disease in univariate (P = .039) and multivariate analyses (P = .015). BRAF mutations were associated with older age (P = .005) but not with primary tumor features or OS from stage IV. Neither TP53 nor BRAF mutations correlated significantly with OS with frontline ipilimumab treatment, and the TP53 status was not significantly associated with outcomes with frontline BRAF inhibitor therapy. Eleven patients with BRAF mutations were treated with a BRAF inhibitor. Three patients were not evaluable for a response because of treatment cessation for toxicities; the remaining patients had disease progression as the best response to therapy.

CONCLUSIONS

These results add to the understanding of the clinical features associated with TP53 and BRAF mutations in advanced cutaneous melanoma patients, and they support the rationale for evaluating the prognostic significance of TP53 in other cohorts of melanoma patients. Cancer 2017;123:1372-1381. © 2016 American Cancer Society.