Li Hong-Tao, Duymich Christopher E, Weisenberger Daniel J, Liang Gangning
Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Int Neurourol J. 2016 Nov;20(Suppl 2):S84-94. doi: 10.5213/inj.1632752.376. Epub 2016 Nov 22.
Bladder cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with a high rate of recurrence and poor outcomes as a result of relapse. Bladder cancer patients require lifelong invasive monitoring and treatment, making bladder cancer one of the most expensive malignancies. Lines of evidence increasingly point to distinct genetic and epigenetic alteration patterns in bladder cancer, even between the different stages and grades of disease. In addition, genetic and epigenetic alterations have been demonstrated to play important roles during bladder tumorigenesis. This review will focus on bladder cancer-associated genomic and epigenomic alterations, which are common in bladder cancer and provide potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for bladder cancer treatment.
膀胱癌是全球最常见的癌症之一，复发率高，且因复发导致预后不良。膀胱癌患者需要终身进行侵入性监测和治疗，这使得膀胱癌成为最昂贵的恶性肿瘤之一。越来越多的证据表明，膀胱癌存在独特的基因和表观遗传改变模式，即使在疾病的不同阶段和分级之间也是如此。此外，基因和表观遗传改变已被证明在膀胱肿瘤发生过程中起重要作用。本综述将聚焦于与膀胱癌相关的基因组和表观基因组改变，这些改变在膀胱癌中很常见，并为膀胱癌治疗提供潜在的诊断标志物和治疗靶点。
