Kemmerich B, Rahlwes M, Vogel-Hartmann H, Bartmann K, Höffken G, Berntsson E, Ruckdeschel G, Wagner J, Lode H
Abteilung für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Freien Universität, Berlin.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1989 Sep 29;114(39):1471-7. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1066784.
In a prospective study 212 patients were analysed who, between 1. 10. 1982-31.12. 1983 and 1. 10. 1985-31. 12. 1986, had been admitted to hospital because of pneumonia. The causative organism was identified in 127 of the 212 patients (60%). Pneumococcus was the most common organism (n = 64), as demonstrated by culture and immunological techniques of determining antigen or antibody. Next most common was Legionella (n = 15) of various species. Mixed infections were found in 11 patients, in all instances associated with pneumococci. There were 24 deaths (11.3%). It is concluded from these results that (1) determination of pneumococcal antigen in sputum, but not in urine or serum, can improve the identification of the causative organism; (2) Legionella is one of the most common causes of pneumonia acquired outside of hospital; and (3) adequate serological diagnosis of Legionnaire's disease is possible only if a large number of different species are tested for.
在一项前瞻性研究中，对212例患者进行了分析，这些患者在1982年10月1日至1983年12月31日以及1985年10月1日至1986年12月31日期间因肺炎入院。212例患者中有127例（60%）确定了病原体。肺炎球菌是最常见的病原体（n = 64），这通过培养以及测定抗原或抗体的免疫学技术得以证实。其次常见的是各种类型的军团菌（n = 15）。11例患者发现有混合感染，所有病例均与肺炎球菌有关。有24例死亡（11.3%）。从这些结果得出结论：（1）痰液中肺炎球菌抗原的测定，而非尿液或血清中的测定，可改善病原体的鉴定；（2）军团菌是医院外获得性肺炎最常见的病因之一；（3）只有对大量不同类型进行检测，才有可能对军团病进行充分的血清学诊断。
