CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Department of Medical Mycology, Utrecht 3508 AD, The Netherlands.
Institutes of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, Department of Biology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands.
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2016 Dec 7;5(12):e124. doi: 10.1038/emi.2016.126.
Fusarium is a rapidly emerging, multidrug-resistant genus of fungal opportunists that was first identified in 1958 and is presently recognized in numerous cases of fusariosis each year. The authors examined trends in global Fusarium distribution, clinical presentation and prevalence since 1958 with the assumption that their distributions in each region had remained unaltered. The phylogeny and epidemiology of 127 geographically diverse isolates, representing 26 Fusarium species, were evaluated using partial sequences of the RPB2 and TEF1 genes, and compared with AFLP fingerprinting data. The molecular data of the Fusarium species were compared with archived data, which enabled the interpretation of hundreds of cases published in the literature. Our findings indicate that fusariosis is globally distributed with a focus in (sub)tropical areas. Considerable species diversity has been observed; genotypic features did not reveal any clustering with either the clinical data or environmental origins. This study suggests that infections with Fusarium species might be truly opportunistic. The three most common species are F. falciforme and F. keratoplasticum (members of F. solani species complex), followed by F. oxysporum (F. oxysporum species complex).
镰刀菌是一种迅速出现的、多药耐药的真菌机会主义者属，于 1958 年首次被鉴定出来，目前每年都有大量的镰刀菌病病例被确认。作者研究了自 1958 年以来全球镰刀菌分布、临床表现和流行率的趋势，假设每个地区的分布都没有改变。通过部分 RPB2 和 TEF1 基因序列，对 127 个来自不同地理区域的、代表 26 种镰刀菌的分离株的系统发育和流行病学进行了评估，并与 AFLP 指纹图谱数据进行了比较。对镰刀菌种的分子数据与存档数据进行了比较，这使得可以对文献中发表的数百例病例进行解释。我们的研究结果表明，镰刀菌病在全球范围内分布，主要集中在（亚热带）热带地区。观察到了相当大的物种多样性；基因型特征与临床数据或环境来源都没有聚类。这项研究表明，真菌感染可能是真正的机会性感染。最常见的三种物种是 F. falciforme 和 F. keratoplasticum（F. solani 种复合体的成员），其次是 F. oxysporum（F. oxysporum 种复合体）。
