Veterans Affairs Medical Center.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center.
Psychol Trauma. 2017 Aug;9(Suppl 1):19-24. doi: 10.1037/tra0000240. Epub 2016 Dec 8.
It is well established that exposure to combat is a risk factor for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The experiences of military personnel serving in combat zones vary widely however, leading to increased attention to the impact of different types of combat trauma. The present study examined the relationships among 3 conceptually based categories of combat exposure with 4 PTSD symptom clusters (reexperiencing, avoidance, numbing, and hyperarousal) and symptoms of guilt, depression, and anxiety.
Participants were 206 National Guard and Reserve members who had recently returned from deployment to Iraq or Afghanistan.
As hypothesized, findings from a multivariate multiple linear regression analysis showed that exposure to personal life threat predicted symptoms of hyperarousal, and exposure to death or severe injury of others predicted symptoms of depression. Hypotheses that personal life threat would predict anxiety symptoms, exposure to death or injury of others would predict numbing, and having killed would predict guilt were not supported.
The relative degree of exposure to life threat and death/loss events in a war-zone may impact the development of different types of symptoms. These findings highlight the importance of considering different types of trauma exposure in future research. (PsycINFO Database Record
众所周知，接触战斗是创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的一个风险因素。然而，在战区服役的军人的经历差异很大，这导致人们越来越关注不同类型的战斗创伤的影响。本研究探讨了 3 种基于概念的战斗暴露类别与 PTSD 症状群（再体验、回避、麻木和警觉过度）以及内疚、抑郁和焦虑症状之间的关系。
参与者为 206 名国民警卫队和预备役成员，他们最近从伊拉克或阿富汗部署归来。
正如假设的那样，多元多变量线性回归分析的结果表明，个人生命受到威胁的暴露预测了警觉过度的症状，而他人死亡或重伤的暴露预测了抑郁症状。个人生命受到威胁会预测焦虑症状、他人死亡或受伤会预测麻木、杀人会预测内疚的假设没有得到支持。
在战区，生命威胁和死亡/丧失事件的相对程度可能会影响不同类型症状的发展。这些发现强调了在未来研究中考虑不同类型创伤暴露的重要性。
