Padmapriyadarsini C, Nair D, Gomathi N S, Velayudham B
Department of Clinical Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Bacteriology, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Indian J Med Microbiol. 2016 Oct-Dec;34(4):516-519. doi: 10.4103/0255-0857.195370.
Mycobacterium kansasii, most virulent of all atypical mycobacteria, causes pulmonary disease identical to the disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Early identification of the species and prompt initiation of treatment for M. kansasii is necessary to prevent morbidity and mortality due to this disease. This case series highlights the similarity in the clinical presentation of both M. tuberculosis and M. kansasii and response to direct observation of short-course chemotherapy with rifampicin, in the management of pulmonary M. kansasii disease. Larger studies are required to evaluate the long-term effect of short-course chemotherapy, especially use of moxifloxacin, in the management of pulmonary M. kansasii disease.
堪萨斯分枝杆菌是所有非典型分枝杆菌中致病性最强的，可引起与结核分枝杆菌所致疾病相同的肺部疾病。早期识别该菌种并及时开始对堪萨斯分枝杆菌进行治疗，对于预防该疾病导致的发病和死亡至关重要。本病例系列突出了结核分枝杆菌和堪萨斯分枝杆菌临床表现的相似性，以及在肺部堪萨斯分枝杆菌病管理中对利福平短程化疗直接观察的反应。需要开展更大规模的研究来评估短程化疗，尤其是莫西沙星的使用，对肺部堪萨斯分枝杆菌病管理的长期效果。
