Johnson Rebecca A
Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2017 Mar;47(2):185-189. doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2016.10.012. Epub 2016 Dec 8.
Respiratory acidosis, or primary hypercapnia, occurs when carbon dioxide production exceeds elimination via the lung and is mainly owing to alveolar hypoventilation. Concurrent increases in Paco, decreases in pH and compensatory increases in blood HCO concentration are associated with respiratory acidosis. Respiratory acidosis can be acute or chronic, with initial metabolic compensation to increase HCO concentrations by intracellular buffering. Chronic respiratory acidosis results in longer lasting increases in renal reabsorption of HCO. Alveolar hypoventilation and resulting respiratory acidosis may also be associated with hypoxemia, especially evident when patients are inspiring room air (20.9% O).
呼吸性酸中毒，即原发性高碳酸血症，当二氧化碳生成超过经肺排出量时发生，主要由于肺泡通气不足。动脉血二氧化碳分压（Paco₂）同时升高、pH值降低以及血液中碳酸氢根（HCO₃⁻）浓度代偿性升高与呼吸性酸中毒相关。呼吸性酸中毒可分为急性或慢性，最初通过细胞内缓冲进行代谢性代偿以增加HCO₃⁻浓度。慢性呼吸性酸中毒导致肾脏对HCO₃⁻的重吸收持续时间更长。肺泡通气不足及由此导致的呼吸性酸中毒也可能与低氧血症相关，当患者吸入室内空气（氧含量20.9%）时尤为明显。
