Nemmar Abderrahim, Al-Salam Suhail, Yuvaraju Priya, Beegam Sumaya, Yasin Javed, Ali Badreldin H
Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates;
Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2017 Feb 1;312(2):H329-H339. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00450.2016. Epub 2016 Dec 9.
Water-pipe tobacco smoking is becoming prevalent in all over the world including Western countries. There are limited data on the cardiovascular effects of water-pipe smoke (WPS), in particular following chronic exposure. Here, we assessed the chronic cardiovascular effects of nose-only WPS exposure in C57BL/6 mice. The duration of the session was 30 minutes/day, 5 days/week for 6 consecutive months. Control mice were exposed to air. WPS significantly increased systolic blood pressure. The relative heart weight and plasma concentrations of troponin-I and B-type natriuretic peptide were increased in mice exposed to WPS. Arterial blood gas analysis showed that WPS caused a significant decrease in [Formula: see text] and an increase in [Formula: see text] WPS significantly shortened the thrombotic occlusion time in pial arterioles and venules and increased the number of circulating platelet. Cardiac lipid peroxidation, measured as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, was significantly increased, while superoxide dismutase activity, total nitric oxide activity, and glutathione concentration were reduced by WPS exposure. Likewise, immunohistochemical analysis of the heart revealed an increase in the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cytochrome by cardiomyocytes of WPS-exposed mice. Moreover, hearts of WPS-exposed mice showed the presence of focal interstitial fibrosis. WPS exposure significantly increased heart DNA damage assessed by Comet assay. We conclude that chronic nose-only exposure to WPS impairs cardiovascular homeostasis. Our findings provide evidence that long-term exposure to WPS is harmful to the cardiovascular system and supports interventions to control the spread of WPS, particularly amid youths. No data are available on the chronic cardiovascular effects of water-pipe smoke (WPS). Our findings provide experimental evidence that chronic exposure to WPS increased blood pressure, relative heart weight, troponin I, and B-type natriuretic peptide in plasma and induced hypoxemia, hypercapnia, and thrombosis. Moreover, WPS caused cardiac oxidative stress, DNA damage, and fibrosis.
包括西方国家在内，水烟吸食在全球正变得越来越普遍。关于水烟烟雾（WPS）对心血管系统的影响，尤其是长期接触后的影响，相关数据有限。在此，我们评估了仅通过鼻腔暴露于WPS对C57BL/6小鼠的慢性心血管影响。实验为期6个月，每天暴露30分钟，每周5天。对照组小鼠暴露于空气中。WPS显著升高了收缩压。暴露于WPS的小鼠的相对心脏重量以及肌钙蛋白I和B型利钠肽的血浆浓度均有所增加。动脉血气分析表明，WPS导致[公式：见原文]显著降低以及[公式：见原文]升高。WPS显著缩短了软脑膜小动脉和小静脉的血栓闭塞时间，并增加了循环血小板数量。以硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质衡量的心脏脂质过氧化显著增加，而超氧化物歧化酶活性、总一氧化氮活性和谷胱甘肽浓度因WPS暴露而降低。同样，对心脏的免疫组织化学分析显示，暴露于WPS的小鼠心肌细胞中诱导型一氧化氮合酶和细胞色素的表达增加。此外，暴露于WPS的小鼠心脏出现局灶性间质纤维化。通过彗星试验评估发现，WPS暴露显著增加了心脏DNA损伤。我们得出结论，仅通过鼻腔长期暴露于WPS会损害心血管稳态。我们的研究结果提供了证据，表明长期暴露于WPS对心血管系统有害，并支持采取干预措施来控制WPS的传播，尤其是在年轻人中。目前尚无关于水烟烟雾（WPS）慢性心血管影响的数据。我们的研究结果提供了实验证据，表明长期暴露于WPS会导致血压升高、相对心脏重量增加、血浆中肌钙蛋白I和B型利钠肽升高，并引发低氧血症、高碳酸血症和血栓形成。此外，WPS还会导致心脏氧化应激、DNA损伤和纤维化。
