Izuka E O, Ugwu E O, Obi S N, Ozumba B C, Nwagha T U, Obiora-Izuka C E
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria.
Department of Haematology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu; Department of Haematology and Immunology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2017 Jan;20(1):31-36. doi: 10.4103/1119-3077.180077.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women have alterations in cellular and humoral immunity that increase the risks to placental malaria infection.
This study aimed at determining the prevalence and predictors of placental malaria among HIV-positive women in Nigeria.
It was a longitudinal cohort study of pregnant women receiving antenatal care at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Peripheral blood sample for packed cell volume estimation and placental blood sample for malaria parasite estimation were collected from each participant at a presentation in labor and upon delivery, respectively.
The Prevalence of placenta malaria (68.6%) and anemia (66.7%) in HIV-positive women were significantly higher than the prevalence of placental malaria (35.3%) and anemia (44.1%) in HIV-negative control (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001 respectively). The employment status was the only sociodemographic factor significantly associated with the development of placental malaria in HIV-positive women (odds ratio: 21.60; 95% confidence interval: 7.1-66.2; P< 0.001).
The prevalence of placental malaria is very high among HIV-positive women in Nigeria. Scaling up free distribution of insecticide treated nets in the short term and employment opportunities of HIV-positive women, in the long run, may reduce the prevalence of placental malaria in our population.
感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的孕妇存在细胞免疫和体液免疫改变，这增加了胎盘疟疾感染的风险。
本研究旨在确定尼日利亚HIV阳性女性中胎盘疟疾的患病率及预测因素。
这是一项对在尼日利亚一家三级医院接受产前护理的孕妇进行的纵向队列研究。分别在每位参与者分娩时和分娩时采集外周血样本用于估计红细胞压积，采集胎盘血样本用于估计疟原虫。
HIV阳性女性中胎盘疟疾（68.6%）和贫血（66.7%）的患病率显著高于HIV阴性对照组中胎盘疟疾（35.3%）和贫血（44.1%）的患病率（分别为P < 0.001和P = 0.001）。就业状况是与HIV阳性女性胎盘疟疾发生显著相关的唯一社会人口统计学因素（比值比：21.60；95%置信区间：7.1 - 66.2；P < 0.001）。
尼日利亚HIV阳性女性中胎盘疟疾的患病率非常高。短期内扩大经杀虫剂处理蚊帐的免费发放，从长远来看增加HIV阳性女性的就业机会，可能会降低我国人群中胎盘疟疾的患病率。
