尼日利亚卡诺州初级卫生保健机构产前门诊患者中的疟疾情况。

Malaria among antenatal clients attending primary health care facilities in Kano state, Nigeria.

作者信息

Gajida A U, Iliyasu Z, Zoakah A I

机构信息

Department of Community Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital and Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.

出版信息

Ann Afr Med. 2010 Jul-Sep;9(3):188-93. doi: 10.4103/1596-3519.68352.

DOI:10.4103/1596-3519.68352

PMID:20710113

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Malaria in pregnancy remains a major public health problem especially in sub-Saharan Africa. However, the prevalence of clinical and asymptomatic infection among antenatal client (ANC) attendees is largely unknown, especially at primary health care (PHC) level in northern Nigeria. This study assessed the prevalence of fever, malarial parasitemia and anemia among pregnant women attending PHC facilities in Kano, northern Nigeria.

METHODS

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 360 ANCs attending PHC facilities in two Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Kano state. Data were collected using a pre-tested semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Blood samples were also obtained for thin blood smear for malaria parasite using Giemsa staining technique. Hemoglobin was estimated from the Packed Cell Volume (PCV) determined using hematocrit.

RESULTS

Age of the subjects ranged from 15 to 42 years with a mean +/- SD of 24.0 +/- 6.0. Up to 39.2% (n = 141) (95% Confidence Interval = 34.1-44.4%) of the subjects were found to have malarial parasitemia. Exactly 36.2% (n = 51) of those with parasitemia had fever (temperature >or= 37.5 degrees C) while 63.8% (n = 90) of them were asymptomatic. Anemia, (hemoglobin of <or=11 g/dl) was found in 48.1% (n = 173) of the respondents. A higher proportion of primigravid and secondigravid clients (61% vs. 39%) and younger pregnant women (54.6% vs. 45.4%) had malarial parasitemia compared to multigravid and older women, respectively. Similarly, a significantly higher proportion (67.6%) of anemic ANC clients had malarial parasitemia. (chi2 = 113.25, df = 1, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Malarial infection is common among the ANC clients attending PHC facilities in Kano state and the infection is commonly associated with anemia. Intermittent Preventive Treatment (IPT) should be provided especially among primigravid, secondigravid and younger mothers at PHC centres.

摘要

背景

妊娠疟疾仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题，尤其是在撒哈拉以南非洲。然而，产前检查（ANC）就诊者中临床感染和无症状感染的患病率很大程度上未知，特别是在尼日利亚北部的初级卫生保健（PHC）层面。本研究评估了在尼日利亚北部卡诺州初级卫生保健机构就诊的孕妇中发热、疟疾寄生虫血症和贫血的患病率。

方法

在卡诺州两个地方政府辖区（LGA）的初级卫生保健机构就诊的360名产前检查者中进行了一项横断面描述性研究。使用预先测试的半结构化访谈问卷收集数据。还采集血样，采用吉姆萨染色技术制作薄血涂片检测疟原虫。根据使用血细胞比容测定的红细胞压积估算血红蛋白。

结果

受试者年龄范围为15至42岁，平均±标准差为24.0±6.0。高达39.2%（n = 141）（95%置信区间 = 34.1 - 44.4%）的受试者被发现有疟疾寄生虫血症。寄生虫血症患者中恰好36.2%（n = 51）有发热（体温≥37.5℃），而63.8%（n = 90）无症状。48.1%（n = 173）的受访者存在贫血（血红蛋白≤11 g/dl）。与经产妇和年龄较大的妇女相比，初产妇和经产妇中患疟疾寄生虫血症的比例更高（分别为61%对39%），年轻孕妇中患疟疾寄生虫血症的比例更高（分别为54.6%对45.4%）。同样，贫血的产前检查患者中患疟疾寄生虫血症的比例显著更高（67.6%）。（χ2 = 113.25，自由度 = 1，P < 0.05）。