Rescorla Leslie, Nyame Josephine, Dias Pedro
Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, PA.
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2016 Dec 1;59(6):1484-1490. doi: 10.1044/2016_JSLHR-L-15-0294.
Our objective was to replicate previous cross-linguistic findings by comparing Portuguese and U.S. children with respect to (a) effects of language, gender, and age on vocabulary size; (b) lexical composition; and (c) late talking.
We used the Language Development Survey (LDS; Rescorla, 1989) with children (18-35 months) learning European Portuguese (n = 181) and English (n = 206).
In both languages, girls had higher vocabulary scores than boys and vocabulary scores increased with age. Portuguese LDS scores were significantly lower than English scores, but the effect size was small. Cross-linguistic concordance of percentage use scores yielded a Q correlation of .50, with 64 of the "top 100" words being exact matches. Cross-linguistic concordance was highest for the youngest age group. In both languages, vocabulary composition in late talkers (children ≥ 24 months with < 50 words) was highly correlated with composition in vocabulary size-matched younger children.
Results replicated previous Greek, Korean, and Italian LDS studies. The early lexicons of typical talkers and late talkers contained many of the same words, indicating considerable universality and suggesting good targets for clinical intervention.
我们的目标是通过比较葡萄牙和美国儿童在以下方面来复制先前的跨语言研究结果：（a）语言、性别和年龄对词汇量的影响；（b）词汇构成；以及（c）说话较晚的情况。
我们对学习欧洲葡萄牙语（n = 181）和英语（n = 206）的18至35个月大的儿童使用了语言发展调查问卷（LDS；Rescorla，1989）。
在两种语言中，女孩的词汇得分均高于男孩，且词汇得分随年龄增长而增加。葡萄牙语LDS得分显著低于英语得分，但效应量较小。百分比使用得分的跨语言一致性产生了0.50的Q相关性，“前100个”单词中有64个完全匹配。最年幼年龄组的跨语言一致性最高。在两种语言中，说话较晚的儿童（24个月及以上且词汇量少于50个单词的儿童）的词汇构成与词汇量匹配的较年幼儿童的构成高度相关。
结果复制了先前希腊语、韩语和意大利语的LDS研究。正常说话儿童和说话较晚儿童的早期词汇包含许多相同的单词，这表明具有相当大的普遍性，并为临床干预提供了良好的目标。
