Cherry Katie E, Sampson Laura, Galea Sandro, Marks Loren D, Baudoin Kayla H, Nezat Pamela F, Stanko Katie E
1Department of Psychology,Louisiana State University,Baton Rouge,Louisiana.
2School of Public Health,Boston University,Boston,Massachusetts.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2017 Feb;11(1):90-96. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2016.177. Epub 2016 Dec 15.
Exposure to multiple disasters, both natural and technological, is associated with extreme stress and long-term consequences for older adults that are not well understood. In this article, we address age differences in health-related quality of life in older disaster survivors exposed to the 2005 Hurricanes Katrina and Rita and the 2010 BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill and the role played by social engagement in influencing these differences.
Participants were noncoastal residents, current coastal residents, and current coastal fishers who were economically affected by the BP oil spill. Social engagement was estimated on the basis of disruptions in charitable work and social support after the 2005 hurricanes relative to a typical year before the storms. Criterion measures were participants' responses to the SF-36 Health Survey which includes composite indexes of physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) health.
The results of logistic regressions indicated that age was inversely associated with SF-36 PCS scores. A reduction in perceived social support after Hurricane Katrina was also inversely associated with SF-36 MCS scores.
These results illuminate risk factors that impact well-being among older adults after multiple disasters. Implications of these data for psychological adjustment after multiple disasters are considered. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:90-96).
老年人遭受多种自然和技术灾害，会承受巨大压力并产生长期影响，但人们对此了解并不充分。在本文中，我们探讨了2005年卡特里娜飓风和丽塔飓风以及2010年英国石油公司深水地平线漏油事件的老年受灾幸存者在健康相关生活质量方面的年龄差异，以及社会参与在影响这些差异中所起的作用。
参与者包括非沿海居民、现居沿海居民以及受英国石油公司漏油事件经济影响的现居沿海渔民。社会参与度是根据2005年飓风过后慈善工作和社会支持与风暴前正常年份相比的中断情况来估算的。标准测量指标是参与者对SF - 36健康调查的回答，该调查包括身体（PCS）和心理（MCS）健康综合指数。
逻辑回归结果表明，年龄与SF - 36身体综合指数得分呈负相关。卡特里娜飓风后感知到的社会支持减少也与SF - 36心理综合指数得分呈负相关。
这些结果揭示了影响老年人在经历多次灾害后幸福感的风险因素。同时考虑了这些数据对多次灾害后心理调适的启示。（《灾难医学与公共卫生防范》。2017年；11：90 - 96）
