Baker Hayden P, Tjong Vehniah K, Dunne Kevin F, Lindley Tory R, Terry Michael A
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2016 Dec 1;4(12):2325967116673356. doi: 10.1177/2325967116673356. eCollection 2016 Dec.
Shoulder injuries remain one of the most common injuries among collegiate football athletes. Offensive linemen in particular are prone to posterior labral pathology.
To evaluate the efficacy of shoulder bracing in collegiate offensive linemen with respect to injury prevention, severity, and lost playing time.
Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.
Offensive linemen at a single collegiate institution wore bilateral shoulder-stabilizing braces for every contact practice and game beginning in the spring of 2013. Between spring of 2007 and fall of 2012, offensive linemen did not wear any shoulder braces. Player injury data were collected for all contact practices and games throughout these time periods to highlight differences with brace use.
Forty-five offensive linemen (90 shoulders) participated in spring and fall college football seasons between 2007 and 2015. There were 145 complete offensive linemen seasons over the course of the study. Offensive linemen not wearing shoulder braces completed 87 seasons; offensive linemen wearing shoulder braces completed 58 seasons. Posterior labral tear injury rates were calculated for players who wore the shoulder braces (0.71 per 1000 athlete-exposures) compared with shoulders of players who did not wear the braces (1.90 per 1000 athlete-exposures). The risk ratio was 0.46 (95% CI, 0.16-1.30; = .14). Mean time (contact practices and games) missed due to injury was significant, favoring less time missed by players who used braces (8.7 vs 36.60 contact practices and games missed due to injury; = .0019). No significant difference in shoulder labral tears requiring surgery was found for brace use compared with no brace use.
Shoulder-stabilizing braces were shown not to prevent posterior labral tears among collegiate offensive lineman, although they were associated with less time lost to injury. The results of this study have clinical significance, indicating that wearing a shoulder brace provides a protective factor for offensive linemen.
肩部损伤仍然是大学橄榄球运动员中最常见的损伤之一。尤其是进攻线球员更容易出现后盂唇病变。
评估肩部支撑对大学进攻线球员在预防损伤、损伤严重程度和比赛时间损失方面的效果。
队列研究；证据等级，3级。
从2013年春季开始，一所大学机构的进攻线球员在每次对抗训练和比赛中都佩戴双侧肩部稳定支撑装置。在2007年春季至2012年秋季期间，进攻线球员不佩戴任何肩部支撑装置。收集这些时间段内所有对抗训练和比赛的球员损伤数据，以突出使用支撑装置的差异。
45名进攻线球员（90个肩部）参加了2007年至2015年的春季和秋季大学橄榄球赛季。在研究过程中共有145个完整的进攻线球员赛季。未佩戴肩部支撑装置的进攻线球员完成了87个赛季；佩戴肩部支撑装置的进攻线球员完成了58个赛季。计算佩戴肩部支撑装置球员的后盂唇撕裂损伤率（每1000运动员暴露次数为0.71），并与未佩戴支撑装置球员的肩部损伤率（每1000运动员暴露次数为1.90）进行比较。风险比为0.46（95%CI，0.16 - 1.30；P = 0.14）。因伤错过的平均时间（对抗训练和比赛）具有显著性差异，使用支撑装置的球员错过的时间更少（因伤错过8.7次对抗训练和比赛，而未使用支撑装置的球员为36.60次；P = 0.0019）。与未使用支撑装置相比，使用支撑装置在需要手术的肩部盂唇撕裂方面未发现显著差异。
肩部稳定支撑装置虽未被证明可预防大学进攻线球员的后盂唇撕裂，但与受伤导致的时间损失减少有关。本研究结果具有临床意义，表明佩戴肩部支撑装置为进攻线球员提供了一个保护因素。
