Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States.
Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan , Amman 11942, Jordan.
Chem Rev. 2016 Dec 28;116(24):15198-15234. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00531. Epub 2016 Dec 15.
Electrochemical reduction of halogenated organic compounds is gaining increasing attention as a strategy for the remediation of environmental pollutants. We begin this review by discussing key components (cells, electrodes, solvents, and electrolytes) in the design of a procedure for degrading a targeted pollutant, and we describe and contrast some experimental techniques used to explore and characterize the electrochemical behavior of that pollutant. Then, we describe how to probe various mechanistic features of the pertinent electrochemistry (including stepwise versus concerted carbon-halogen bond cleavage, identification of reaction intermediates, and elucidation of mechanisms). Knowing this information is vital to the successful development of a remediation procedure. Next, we outline techniques, instrumentation, and cell designs involved in scaling up a benchtop experiment to an industrial-scale system. Finally, the last and major part of this review is directed toward surveying electrochemical studies of various categories of halogenated pollutants (chlorofluorocarbons; disinfection byproducts; pesticides, fungicides, and bactericides; and flame retardants) and looking forward to future developments.
电化学还原卤代有机化合物作为一种修复环境污染物的策略，正受到越来越多的关注。我们首先讨论了设计降解目标污染物的程序的关键组件（电池、电极、溶剂和电解质），并描述和对比了一些用于探索和表征该污染物电化学行为的实验技术。然后，我们描述了如何探测相关电化学的各种机制特征（包括逐步与协同的碳-卤键断裂、反应中间体的鉴定和机制的阐明）。了解这些信息对于成功开发修复程序至关重要。接下来，我们概述了将台式实验扩展到工业规模系统所涉及的技术、仪器和电池设计。最后，本综述的最后也是主要部分是调查各种卤代污染物（氯氟碳化合物；消毒副产物；农药、杀真菌剂和杀菌剂；和阻燃剂）的电化学研究，并展望未来的发展。
