Follmer Bruno, Dellagrana Rodolfo André, de Lima Luis Antonio Pereira, Herzog Walter, Diefenthaeler Fernando
a Biomechanics Laboratory, Centre of Sports , Federal University of Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , Brazil.
b Human Performance Laboratory , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada.
J Sports Sci. 2017 Dec;35(23):2373-2379. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1267388. Epub 2016 Dec 15.
Upper-body dynamic and isometric maximum strength are essential components for success in Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ). This study was aimed at analysing strength parameters in the elbow flexor and extensor muscles of BJJ practitioners. Participants (n = 28) performed maximum isometric contractions of elbow flexors and extensors to determine peak torque (PT), rate of force development (RFD), and the torque-angle (T-A) relationship at elbow angles of 45°, 60°, 75°, 90°, 105°, and 120°. Additionally, concentric and eccentric PTs were measured at 1.04 rad·s. Student t-test and ANOVA were performed using α = 0.05. Elbow flexors were stronger isometrically (P < 0.001, ES = 1.23) but weaker concentrically (P < 0.05, ES = 0.54) than extensor muscles, possibly because of the extensive grip disputes and pushing of opponents in BJJ. The T-A relationship had an inverted "U"-shape. Torque differences across elbow angles were moderate (ES = 0.62) for the extensor and large (ES = 0.92) for the flexor muscles. Isometric torque was greatest for elbow angles of 105° and 75° and smallest for 45° and 120° for extensor and flexor muscles, respectively. Elbow flexors had a greater RFD than extensors, regardless of elbow angle. The present study provides comprehensive results for elbow muscle strength in BJJ practitioners.
上身动态和等长最大力量是巴西柔术（BJJ）取得成功的关键要素。本研究旨在分析巴西柔术练习者肘屈肌和伸肌的力量参数。参与者（n = 28）进行了肘屈肌和伸肌的最大等长收缩，以确定在45°、60°、75°、90°、105°和120°肘角下的峰值扭矩（PT）、力量发展速率（RFD）以及扭矩-角度（T-A）关系。此外，还在1.04 rad·s的速度下测量了向心和离心PT。使用α = 0.05进行学生t检验和方差分析。与伸肌相比，肘屈肌的等长力量更强（P < 0.001，效应量ES = 1.23），但向心力量较弱（P < 0.05，效应量ES = 0.54），这可能是因为在巴西柔术中存在大量的抓握对抗和推搡对手的动作。T-A关系呈倒“U”形。伸肌在不同肘角的扭矩差异适中（效应量ES = 0.62），而屈肌的差异较大（效应量ES = 0.92）。对于伸肌和屈肌，等长扭矩分别在肘角为105°和75°时最大，在45°和120°时最小。无论肘角如何，肘屈肌的RFD都比伸肌大。本研究为巴西柔术练习者的肘部肌肉力量提供了全面的结果。
