哈莱姆区两家门诊诊所中社区居住老年黑人的跌倒倾向
Near-Falls in Elderly Community-Dwelling Blacks From Two Out-Patient Clinics in Harlem.
作者信息
Basler Geraldine V, O'Connell Kathleen A, Bundy Kristen
机构信息
Geraldine V. Basler, EdD, RN, is CCRN Staff Nurse, The Mount Sinai Hospital, New York. Kathleen A. O'Connell, PhD, RN, FAAN, is Isabel Maitland Stewart Professor of Nursing Education, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York. Kristen Bundy, MA, is Reporting and Research Associate, Council for Aid to Education, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York.
出版信息
Nurs Res. 2017 Jan/Feb;66(1):49-53. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000195.
BACKGROUND
Near-falls are a frequent, but not commonly studied, occurrence in the elderly Black population and may be related to prospective falls.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship of near-falls to demographic characteristics, use of assistive devices, gait, and physical activity levels in elderly Blacks.
METHODS
Community-dwelling, elderly Black patients aging 65 and older and attending two clinics of the Mount Sinai Hospital in Harlem in New York City were recruited. The number of near-falls during the past year was self-reported using the Elderly Falls Screening Test. The Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity was used to assess aerobic and anaerobic activity levels. Backward stepwise logistic regression was used to identify predictors of near-falls.
RESULTS
A total of 120 elderly Black adults took part in the study. Prevalence of occasional or frequent near-falls was 52.5%. In the final trimmed model, time of the 5-m observed walk (OR = 1.41, p = .001) and being male (OR = 3.68, p = .02) were significant predictors of near-fall experiences.
DISCUSSION
Future research needs to be done in elderly Black populations to determine what factors may contribute to men experiencing more near-falls and on the relation between near-falls and falls.
背景
在老年黑人人群中，险些跌倒的情况很常见，但通常未得到充分研究，且可能与未来的跌倒事件有关。
目的
本文旨在研究老年黑人险些跌倒与人口统计学特征、辅助设备使用、步态及身体活动水平之间的关系。
方法
招募居住在社区、年龄在65岁及以上且前往纽约市哈莱姆区西奈山医院两家诊所就诊的老年黑人患者。使用老年人跌倒筛查测试自我报告过去一年中险些跌倒的次数。采用快速身体活动评估法评估有氧和无氧活动水平。采用向后逐步逻辑回归分析来确定险些跌倒的预测因素。
结果
共有120名老年黑人成年人参与了该研究。偶尔或频繁险些跌倒的发生率为52.5%。在最终的精简模型中，5米观察步行时间（比值比=1.41，p = 0.001）和男性（比值比=3.68，p = 0.02）是险些跌倒经历的显著预测因素。
讨论
未来需要针对老年黑人人群开展研究，以确定哪些因素可能导致男性经历更多险些跌倒事件，以及险些跌倒与跌倒之间的关系。
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