Lanza Stephanie T, Russell Michael A, Braymiller Jessica L
The Methodology Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
The Methodology Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Addict Behav. 2017 Apr;67:38-43. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.12.003. Epub 2016 Dec 9.
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are increasingly used by US adolescents and may be a gateway to traditional cigarette use. We examine rates of both products by age and examine differences in age-varying rates by sex and race/ethnicity.
Data are from the 2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey, a national sample of US middle and high school students (n=22.007); students ages 11-19 were included. Past 30-day e-cigarette and traditional cigarette use were examined as a function of age; sex and race/ethnicity were included as moderators. The age-varying association between e-cigarette and traditional cigarette use was also examined.
Rates of e-cigarette use increase faster than traditional cigarette use from ages 13-16. Compared to females, males had higher rates of e-cigarette use from ages 14-17.5 and traditional cigarette use from ages 15-18. Between ages 12-14, more Hispanic adolescents used e-cigarettes compared to White or Black adolescents; after age 14 Hispanics and Whites reported similar rates, peaking at twice the rate for Blacks. Hispanic adolescents report greater traditional cigarette use versus Whites between ages 12-13, but lower rates between ages 15-18. E-cigarette use was strongly associated with traditional cigarette use, particularly during early adolescence [OR>40 before age 12].
Young Hispanic adolescents are at elevated risk for use of e-cigarettes and traditional cigarettes during early adolescence. During early adolescence, youth using e-cigarettes are more likely to smoke traditional cigarettes compared to youth not using e-cigarettes. The study of age-varying effects holds promise for advancing understanding of disparities in health risk behaviors.
电子烟在美国青少年中使用越来越普遍，且可能是通向传统香烟使用的一个途径。我们按年龄考察了这两种产品的使用率，并研究了按性别和种族/族裔划分的年龄变化率差异。
数据来自2014年全国青少年烟草调查，这是一个美国初中和高中学生的全国性样本（n = 22,007）；纳入了11 - 19岁的学生。将过去30天内电子烟和传统香烟的使用情况作为年龄的函数进行考察；将性别和种族/族裔作为调节因素纳入。还考察了电子烟和传统香烟使用之间随年龄变化的关联。
从13 - 16岁，电子烟的使用率比传统香烟的使用率增长得更快。与女性相比，男性在14 - 17.5岁的电子烟使用率更高，在15 - 18岁的传统香烟使用率更高。在12 - 14岁之间，与白人或黑人青少年相比，更多西班牙裔青少年使用电子烟；14岁之后，西班牙裔和白人报告的使用率相似，峰值是黑人的两倍。在12 - 13岁之间，西班牙裔青少年报告的传统香烟使用率高于白人，但在15 - 18岁之间使用率较低。电子烟的使用与传统香烟的使用密切相关，尤其是在青春期早期[12岁之前OR>40]。
西班牙裔青少年在青春期早期使用电子烟和传统香烟的风险较高。在青春期早期，使用电子烟的青少年比不使用电子烟的青少年更有可能吸食传统香烟。对年龄变化效应的研究有望促进对健康风险行为差异的理解。
